Dermochelys schlegeli (Garman) 
۲ Osa-pame ” 
PL. IV, fig, 4. * tio 
This is the largest species and sometimes grows 
to about 2 metres long, dorsal portion covered 
with a leather-like integument instead of a horny 
shield. 7 ridge-lines on dorsal and 5 ridge-lines 
on ventral portion of body, all runring length- 
wise, terminating in hooked process at posterior 
end of body, 
Colour of body light-brown or black, irregular 
white blotches being scattered on the ventral por- 
tion. Posterior flippers and tail short; anterior 
very long, This species usually inhabits the ocean, 
going to a sandy shore only to lay its eggs. 
It feeds mostly on erustacea, mollusea and fish, 
The flesh is not edible nor used industrial purposes. 
It is distributed on the coasts of Kyusyu, the 
ied Island, but is rarely found in northern 
apan. 
Amyda japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) 
۲۰ Suppon 77 
PL. IV, fig. 5. * 71 
Prefrontal of head remarkably pointed. Exter- 
nal nostrils situated at terminal end of snout, 
being divided into two by a separating membrane. 
Tail short, fore and hind limbs have 3 claws, 
Shape of shield round and soft with the excep- 
tion of its elevated centre portion which is hard, 
Shield reaches 17 em. long and 13 em. wide. 
Colour dull grey on the dorsal and light yel- 
lowish on the yentral portion of body, 
Female lays from 30 to 60 spherical eges 2 em. 
in diameter in May and June; they hatch out in 
about two months. 
‘The flesh is a delicacy. This species inhabits 
muddy rivers and lakes in southern Japan, it is 
also cultured in ponds as is well-known, 
Clemmys japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) 
** [sj-pame ” 
PL. IV, fle. 6,  x2% 
Mouth large, jaw covered with horny ridge 
instead of teeth, terminal end of snout sharp; tail 
long. Shield almost oval-shaped and elevated at 
central portion, composed of one temporal plate, 
2 anal plates, 6 central plates, 8 costal plates and 
22 marginal plates; its eolour being grey. 
Female lays from 5 to 6 eggs in the sandy shores 
e fresh-water lakes and ponds, diameter of egg 
cm, 
The so-called“ Mino-game is this animal whose 
` shield with green algae attached, when seen rejoi- 
ces the hearts of people, the sight of it being 
regarded as an auspicious sign. 
It is distributed jn the fresh-water lakes and 
ponds of Sikoku, Honsyu, and Kyusyu in Japan. 
Chelonia japonica (Thunberg) 
“ Ao-umigame " 
PL, IV, fig. 1. * fg 
Head flattened dorsally, covered with large horny 
plates. Beak short, and serrated on margin. 
Neck covered with fine scales. Limbs paddle- 
shaped, each anterior pair of limbs being fur- 
nished with a claw. Carapace composed of 5 
vertebral, 8 costal and 25 marginal plates. Plas- 
tron consists of 13 flattened plates. 
Colour dark-green with dark yellowish spots 
on dorsal and yellowish on ventral. This species 
often grows a length of one metre. 
Breed from February or March, to June or July 
the female laying from sixty to one hundred eggs 
in a hole a few centi-metres deep, which is dug 
with the posterior limbs. The young take some 
yeara to mature. 
Inhabits mainly the tropical part of the Pacific; 
slugg sh in disposition ; natatory in the ocean, 
often coming to the shore; feeds on seaweads. 
The flesh good for food; the fat is used as raw 
material in the soap-industry, and the shield in 
the making of faney wares. 
Caretta olivacea (Eschscholtz) 
** Aka-umigame ” 
PL. IV, fig. 2. * 70 
Arrangement of scales on head different from 
that of Chelonia EE Neck covered with fine 
scales, eyes small, beak eurved uniformly. Both 
anterior and posterior limbs have two claws in the 
immature stage, losing one of them in the adalt 
stage, Pre-frontal scales 2 pairs, costal plates 5 
pairs and marginal plates 25 in number. Colour 
EEN brown on dorsal and yellowish on ventral 
surface, 
Breeding season June and July. From 60 to 70 
eggs are laid at a time. Flesh has unpleasant 
smell and is not edible. 
_ Distribution nearly equal to that of Chelonia 
japonica. 
Eretmochelys squamosa (Girard). 
""Taimni ' 
PL. VL fig. 8. — x'/ 
Upper jaw hooked sharply downward, its margin 
not being s:rrated ; dorsal portion of head covered 
with large horny plates; neck also covered with 
fine seales. 4 pairs of costal plates characteristical- 
ly arranged overlapping in a tile-roof-like form, 
similar to fish seales, on both sides of 5 vertebral 
plates, Limbs are flippers with large flattened 
scales, Anterior flippers have two claws, posterior 
one each, 
Colour of shield yellowish-brown with dark 
cloudy-shaped blackish blotches, that of plastron 
being yellowish without the blotches, Plastron 
remarkably thin in comparison with that of shield. 
Breeding season July and August, female laying, 
5 or 6 times in a season, from 160 to 200 eggs at 
a time in a hole which she digs in sandy ground, 
Eggs hateh out in about forty days. Length of 
body when fullgrown does not attain one metre, 
Shield manufactured into highly valuable objects 
of art and into Japanese trinkets. Species dis- 
tributed near Mandated Oceanic Islands under the 
Imperial Government, the Bonin and Ryukyu Is- 
lands and in the sea of Formosa. 
V dd ا‎ 
Dermochelys schlegeli (Garman) 
CEK HED مد‎ 
HHN N Ft HN LT EE OCH N N ALOE 
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12۳201۰ ۳۵۵ RMT RIE ER o fe RI 2- 
3. ARN 2 7653. 
X 7 E Ze 
Amyda japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) 
GH emm ۶ 
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Chelonia japonica (‘Thunberg) 
Ci * 7 
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Caretta olivacea (Eschscholtz) 
a EA «Ve 
TAOS MOMO MPT ع ترد ع ضع‎ LBS. HEM 
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Eretomochelys squamosa (Girard) 
Ga a= ۱ * 75 
ASE rA ۱۵ بل‎ LIBRI RER A 
WHA S fin HN HHU, GA Mic cati 2. 
HETE 5 LC ILA ic A NMH Hib o. Meo 
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Mrd. MIEREA (ILS hg FIC LC, RE ERE PLC 
ARE. METR 2 NEH 1 MN O. Tofu 
F DILL 
THR C HE L., AEE L CAL. 8 
E, AJ TUC TUMES. FIR 
m — Mi 160 753: 200 ontrei, HA k 40- 
50H TREHET. tr. MUSA PO Dus 
dn OE ILE A SAL. TERE, EM, 
BEER, E ET. 
