Cyprinus carpio Linné 
* Syusui " Coloured leather carp 
PL. XVI, fig. 4. x" 
This carp was produced, thanks to the efforts 
of Mr. Akiyama, a goldfish-breeder, by the eros- 
sing of the Japanese coloured carp and the German 
Leather Carp. The form of body is similar to that 
of the common carp; a portion of the body along 
the base of the dorsal fin is covered with brilliant 
scales of irregular size, the rest of body being 
entirely scaleless. The body is variegated in colour 
red, yellow, orange, blue, black and white. This 
is cultured by goldfish-fanciers in Tokyo. 
Carassius auratus Linné 
Huna 
PL. XVI, fig. 5. x fs 
D. HI, 18; A. III, 5; scales 28 to 31. 
Form of body nearly similar to that of carp; 
back somewhat high; snout short, blunt and broad 
seen from above, Length of body equal to about 
2,7 times its depth, and to 3 times length of head. 
The mouth protractile; it has no teeth and no 
barbels on either jaw. Body covered with large 
cycloid scales, of which those in the lateral line 
are about 30 in number. Back dark-blue; belly 
silvery-white in colour; sides of body sometimes 
have a golden iridescence. Spawning season from 
April to June; the eggs are adhesive, Full growa 
fish attains to about 300 mm. in length. This is 
a freshwater fish distributed very widely in Japan, 
and has to some extent an economie value. 
Carassius auratus Linné 
“ Gengoro-buna '' 
PL. XVI, fig. 6. x „7 
This fish is a large size form of Carassius au- 
ratus, which is a native of Lake Biwa, near Kyoto, 
and has the local name there of Cengorobuna." 
The body form and fins and also colouration are 
exactly simi'ar to that of the common Crucian 
carp. In Lake Biwa, two body-forms of Carassius 
auratus, may be found, one of them being rounded, 
and the other much compressed ; the larger speci- 
mens of the latter are commonly called“ Gen- 
gorobuna," as mentioned above; they attain to 
300 mm, in length, and normally 1 kg. in weight, 
rarely 2 kg. 
Cyprinus carpio Linné 
“ Koi" Carp 
PL. XVI, fig. 1. ۶ 
D. III, IT to 22; A, III, 5; scales 33 to 86. 
Body oblong, compressed, its length normally 3 
times its depth, the range of variation being from 
25/, to 3% times; generally body of wild species 
longer than that of domesticated. Body covered 
with large eyeloid seales which do not extend on to 
head. Dorsal and anal fins have 3 spines anteriorly, 
of which two are well developed; of these the 
posterior is the longer and the more serrated be- 
hind. Mouth protraetile, and has two barbels on 
each side of upper jaw, and no teeth on either 
jaw; pharyngeal bone well developed and has 
strong molar-like teeth. Back is dark-blue, belly 
silvery, sometimes brilliant golden-yellow. This 
fish has been domestieated for many centuries, and, 
consequently, it has numerous varieties of body- 
forms. The earp is a very hardy fish, grows rapid- 
ly and it commonly attains to weights of 1 or 2 
kg. seldom 15 kg. It is bred in ponds, lakes and 
also in rice fields, especially in the central part 
of Japan. 
Cyprinus carpio Linné 
rz Higoi'" Red carp 
PL. XVI, fig. 2, * „1 
This fish is a domesticated variety of carp; 
general eharaeter of body similar to that of com- 
mon earp, except its colouration, which is uniform 
yellowish-red throughout the entire body. This 
fish is extensively bred in ponds by goldfish- 
breeders as a pet. The fish here figured is ealled 
“ Benigoi," which is a variety of ۳ 
Cyprinus carpio Linné 
*" Kohakugoi ۲ Coloured carp 
PL. XVI, fig. 3. یت‎ 
In Japan there are several kinds of coloured 
carp, of which the variety figured herein, is one 
variegated with only two colours, red and white. 
Although form of body and of fins is exactly 
similar to that of the common carp, it is charac- 
terized by the colouration of the bedy and of the 
fins, which are muttled with brilliant erimson-red 
spots, or blotches upon a silvery ground. This 
fish is bred throughout Japan as a pet, 
Ze 9 Ad 
Cyprinus carpio Linné 
CR rA MED x14 
FERE خلا‎ Lem Sm ros با‎ m 
I: etary TE ο Hr HRD DOR DY. Mn 
ARR SR > WIEL LS KRE SRD 
DDA. fa T8, M, M. 385 ۲۱۷۱۱5۵۱۵ U Bp DHE NN 
J. CARRU C NN AN 
A E HH LN K E LOB b. Khao 
4 n EKITS m BIER ۵۹00۹۴۸ D TIED 72 را‎ o 
E LT up N E NN Ue [PAR RA 
Leb. ERNELTHSKI ER ۰ 
7 + 
Carassuis auratus Linre 
l ) EH 第 五 图 ) ۶ 
D. III, 18; A. III, 5; scales 28 to 31. 
ait د‎ vince. ۱۵1۱۵۱8 ۳ 2.7 4%, 
MEDSE V. Wit, LHL OSHS BEY, Y 
KERT. Mids 4 1۲۲ ۱-92۱ SEAS 
CHAL SADDAM <1 c ff AL Eo RT RUE 
SE DA CRIS) ۵ ۱۰ PRULE كات‎ Dc SR C CR IR 
VACHS WE 200 NRO U % E RK 
30076) LET emm tz e LIU U NAGE 9۰ UE 
RAME ] ع‎ ۱ 2208 ET 
7 2227 
Carassius auratus Linné 
(LE O as 
EMH FORKED ات۵‎ FMD De - 
TAMAYO HE. EE Y Ni a 
رخ ع بل مور‎ EC از‎ ON, EDAD E ¥ 
TH, OEE عا ۵ وا‎ 2:3 ML, E77 
3 OMA Y CMI CHS مد‎ Tre OTF MB 
3. AFRIDI RE eb b Fg H 2 4 
pex. 7 I E. 
a E 
Cyprinus carpio Linné 
RAS "Dik 
D. 111, 17 to 22; A. 111, 5; scales 33 to 36. 
۱9۱۵39 L الا‎ LIL A 18757 SAL 2 ir 
MLSS LWA (BMS HD. EDE 
2.6 K h 3.6 داج‎ Ras. SER FIERE LTH 4 ۱۵ A 
RREO LOKLERBOLOSL. HEA OMG CK 
۱۶۸2111-1210 L. e 1۵8 1 60۱-1 271 
LA MEE RED t o خا‎ cR LTH ES 
3. ONE LTR eH LAS EMD MME 2 
BOBCAT. MO A. WÉILS ED EI. 
IF e te NIR NIK 0۰ fE RR GD تا‎ T- 
BAR LD TEROR SELL CaM. 1 TE FRE 
O b E MEH Eb 15 HET. R, AAO 
للع كا‎ . RAAHE LI A= CHES ARK 
F 
a? ۶‏ كم 
Cyprinus carpio Linné‏ 
CAE Ac ۵‏ 
domo 2 e LPI T, MEL E NET D.‏ و قور 
t teats U H MELT h. NM EEE Hr l‏ 
(ESU, IDO a et HRUE‏ اع ا 
EOS LES‏ دعا MEF EU. MERTA‏ 
Ax Lift.‏ 
2 2 236 
Cyprinus carpio Linné 
Gira MR xA 
TY at LERA لا‎ EE 
LD THEIL 9۰ PERERA OH AMA SME OME K NN 
ATOLL THE BMMEL TR Bits. Gart 
BREE AARC RIDE T C EE E CSR عد‎ EG 
PERO DBD EEE Lb, BRD TAI AN AL OLAS 
KE Ce OC CMs a Fe SATE ERLANGEN 
Hh Lt bU A 429 I D, Jr ALAS 
Gi, 4v EEE TER ۵ ۷-34۲ ۰ 
