squillas, pteropods, heteropods ete. It attains to 
a length of 0.8 metre, and generally weighs 18 
kg. rarely attaining to a weight of 25 kg. Spawn- 
ing lasts from May to August. 
Auxis thazard (Lacépéde) 
"7 Maru-soda ” 
PL. XXIV, fie. 4. * 
D. IX to X; 11 to 12, 8; A. 18, 7. 
Length of body equal to 3 % times that of hand, 
and 4'/, times that of its depth; length of head 
equal {o 6 times diameter of eye, and 4% times 
that of snout. Body fusiform, and sub-circular in 
cross-section. Middle line of corselet prolonged 
backwards to nearly entire length of lateral line. 
Back dark-greenish, with several oblique bands 
on the seale-less part above lateral line; belly 
silvery, with irrideseent refleetions; an oval dark 
spot below each eye, 
Widely distributed in temperate and tropical 
waters. In warm seasons the fish approach the 
shore frequently in large schools. 
It attains on an average 300 mm. in length. 
Flesh coarse inferior in taste and doas not keep 
fresh means soon decays. There is another species 
closely allied this one known as Auxis tapeino- 
soma (Bleeker), and locally called °“ ۲ 
Latter species a little more compressed, only a 
few scales being found along the lateral line on 
posterior part of body. This species does not 
occur so abundantly; flesh being firmer is more 
popularly esteemed. 
Euthynnus yaito Kishinouye 
ee Yaito LE] 
PL. XXIV, fiz. 5. x ‘Yo 
D. XV to XVI, 12 to 13, 8; A. 13, 7. 
Length of body equal to 3'/, times that of head 
and 3*/, times its depth; length of hesd equal 
to 3°/,; times that of snout. Body plump, fusi- 
form, and bare outside corselet. 
Mouth rather large, maxillary reaching the ver- 
tical from the centre of eye, Teeth more de- 
veloped in size and number than in the other 
closely allied species. Vomerine teeth present. 
This characteristic serves to separate this species 
clearly from allied species in the Atlantic. 
Upper jaw has 27-30 teeth, lower 24-27. Back 
bluish-blaek with many oblique bends; belly 
silvery with three or more greyish spots below 
pectorals, Found chiefly on coast of southern 
Japan, 
Northern limit of distribution seems to ba off 
the Chiba Prefecture on the Paciüc coast, but the 
southern limit has not yet been determined. It 
attains a length of 600 mm, and a weight of 3,5 
ke. but fish one metre long and more thin 10 kg. 
in weight are seldom found. Spawning seams to 
take place May in Formosa. 
Flesh is more or less firm and tastes good. 
Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 
**Gomasaba " 
PL, XXIV, fig. 1. xs 
Honsaba fig. 2, x Ms 
D. XI to XII. I, 11, 5; A. L I. 11, 5; scales 
190 
Among common maekerel we recognize two 
different varieties, locally known as ''Honsaba " 
and 'Gomasaba ' respectively. — "7 Gomasaba "" 
has following characteristics. Length of body 
equal to 3*/, times that of head, and 4% times 
that of depth of body; length of head equal to 
3*/, times that of eye, 31/4 times that of snout, 
and nearly equal to the depth. Body fusiform 
and compressed; bluish-green above in colour; 
silvery-white with numerous grey spots below. 
There are bluish wavy bands, about 30 in number, 
on baek, running downwards a little beyond later- 
al line. Both varieties rather off shore, and their 
maximum size is 400 mm, in length, and 900 gr. 
in weight. 
* Honsaba" is very closely allied to Gomasaba, 
differing from the latter in the following points. 
Back of body bluish-green and with very silvery- 
white irridescent refleetions, but without greyish 
spots. There are dark-bloish wavy close bands on 
back, running downwards a little beyond lateral line. 
This variety haunts more littoral waters than the 
preceding one, and its range of distribution in 
Japan is wider, ranging from Saghalien to Formosa. 
Largest size attained by this fish is a length of 
about 600 mm. maximum weight 1.5 kg. 
Katsuwonus vagans (Lesson) 
‘“ Katuwo *' 
PL. XXIV, fig. 3. * 
D. XV. II, 1$, 85 A. II, 18, 7. 
Length of body equal to 3% times that of head, 
3% times that of its depth; length of head equal 
to 67/, times that of eye, 3 ½ times that of snout. 
Body plump and handsomely fusiform. Lateral 
line slightly curved upwards above pectorals and 
bent downwards below second dorsal, being sub- 
horizontal in caudal portion, Back dark-bluish 
violet with some transverse light coloured mark- 
ings, and sides are silvery with four or more dark 
eoloured longitudinal bands on each side. This 
fish lives in the clear warm ocean current washing 
Japanese Coast, and known as *''Kuroshiwo," 
which has a temperature of from 20° to 30° C. 
and a specific gravity of from 1.024 to 1.026. In 
the Japan Sea this fish is caught in small numbers, 
late in autumn or in winter. 
In spring it begins to migrate northwards, and 
in summer arrives cff the south-eastern coast of 
Hokkaido, sometimes in big shoals of several hund- 
reds to thousands, feeding on small delicate fish, 
such as sardines and anchovies. Besides those fish, 
its food consists of medium-sized planktons, such 
as amphipods, and other crustaceans, such as 
WE 18 NH S &‏ ,علد 0.8 S384‏ .وه 
JE 25 ICT.‏ 
1 
Auxis thazard (Lacépède) 
《第 二 十 四 图 版 ”第 四 图 ) ۶ 
D. IX to X; 11 to 12, 8; A. 13, 7. 
体 长 此 体高 六 334 di H D 4 ½ I, M IA ED 4 / 
AG, URGE GE 0. ERSTE LC HEET 
0 rf ded L CG br REO DN] N E ¥ 
x5. POPPA Ric LT 8 Rit AK OH dm ov. 
BERRE LCBRTICBUEONSE PO). AGAIN 
FAL AM LEO RACER ALTER FE LAB v. 
BEJET i N FS. AAMC BEREY, MEN 
300 Fe, m ۳0 (RD RAR 5 Ac HD 
M لا‎ ir Auxis tapeinosoma Bleeker عا‎ FY zë 
b. FRAG La Pit TE dew. TRAGE 
BOBB را(‎ S b, HEKE CN RD 
mL. 
+ 4 F 
Euthynnus yaito Kishinouye 
Ac. VAP 
CBI +R HEM) ۶ 
D. XV to XVI, 12 to 13, 8; A. 18, 7. 
N NED 37,180 3 ½ fk, REARED */, 
4E, HETIL LATE Le MKA E 
PAY I 1۳ THEY. Bite > BELM Hic Be 
b. L 27-30 4M, FRc 24-27 Howey. fW 
piripa ار‎ LTM MEE > MEET Fic 3 (uixit 
4 MO PIDO, Ft Rik SZ JU; EHE 
CUAL MICAH. Se 600 体重 3/۶ KE 
T, NN I OK, MER 10 REICHET. ite CATH 
FF 
本 了 上 “م‎ 
Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 
"wr نو"‎ oa 
《第 二 十 四 图 版 ”第 一 图 ) x 
D. XI to XII. I. 11; A. 1,1, 11, 5; scales 190. 
AFTER ico = W 4n 6 Heh SHIR, 
ft, MEER جات‎ Dh N EV LL ¢ HEEL 
TEI LEE HEEE KERD. Mr — H ET EE 
Mir. Ekar YF چم‎ 015 DAT. pa ERR 
. &o 3% d, 430 4% ft, ui K H IR IN 35/10 4i, 
MEN HED. FRE LAND EL. 
fe SHEEHY 30 f Blirru HE Lic THEO ETF ER 
SAN L. MBE Lt DACE D TAT DREIER 
HME aE MIMO ASO. ki L TEE 
to. ARE RLM Ate 5 ؟‎ , Ed MA ۴ 
c FE . m, Ae HEEL LAR ER 
SL pap RENT. E 400 FE, 笨重 900 ECELE 
fk ۱ -. ۰ 
aA Ze EA 
Seomber japonieus Houttuyn 
w P e DIE 
CC لقان‎ Can x 
D. IX to X, I, 12, 5; A.1, I, 11, 5; scales 220, 
AEREO 3 ¼ 4%, Mao 4*/.45, HE AMED 
34% io 3 / Ir, II MERA E HL. art 
E DRUM LEER. We E NMI TF HNO N 
DIE SL EE L c DUI ۲۱۰۵ ۲ BIC (BZ ۰ ZCEUINEIE 
MA MN. i E 450 fe, BERE, 1.3 REC, KRE 
2 b Old 600 FE, (El. KE U E. MRA CIC L 
TAD L. Ff if it ff GEESS EI Mrs 
b. AEREA E O ENTE 5 EVEN E aL 
BRO, NE f NE T. 
Zz es 
Katsuwonus vagans (Lesson) 
SIE ZM) xh 
D. XV, II, 13, 8; A. II, 18, 7. 
EU EO 314% MO 3 / I, WEI 
6 4m, MED 3 % 4i b. K L DE E= 
CHISEL SA D. MEE ۱۳۱ با‎ 
NENA LANE E Grau dE, 
ic LTM Su tic AR EAN LOK N ETT. 
ARE O Lc No EYD Dc (xi 20° 
—80° C. JET 1,024—1,026 Hier HAL, FEC M 
FRE OCHS it 100—200 ويلا(‎ Er REE HLN 
Mit. RFEA 1۴۵ اد ص09‎ ۱۰ DEI 
WEIR EMC e m. FN b omms EHS 
