Istiophorus orientalis (Temmiock & Schlegel! 
“ Basyókaziki "' 
PL. XXVI, fig. 4. x 
D. XLIV, 7; A. 10, 7. 
Length of body equal to 2 ½ times that of head, 
and to 7?/. times depth of body. Body slender, 
compressed, covered with elongated scales. Numer- 
ous small teeth on jaws and palatines, Ventral 
fin present, with 2 or 3 rays; dorsal fin extremely 
high, continuous, as in young of Tetrapturus and 
Xiphias; rays very numerous, none being aborted ; 
height of first dorsal fin much greater than depth 
of body; anal fin divided. “Sword” usually 
shorter and less flattened than in Xiphias, the edge 
more rounded, the lower jaw more developed. 
Body is dusky-bluish on back, and sides have 
numerous white spots; belly pale-greyish, 
Scomberomorus niphonium (Cuvier & Valenciennes) 
* Sawara ”’ 
PL. XXVI, fig. 5. * 7 
D. XIX, 15, 9; A, II, 15, 8. 
Length of body equal to 4 % times that of head, 
and to 5% times depth of body; length of hend 
equal to 2% times that of snout, and to ۶ 
times diameter of eye. Body slender, elongated, 
and compressed, covered with minute scales. 
Lateral line undulating, with a marked curve 
below second dorsal. Many small branch-canals 
are found on both sides of lateral line, Teeth in 
jaws lanceolate, curved, and trenchant, about 25 
in the upper jaw and about 20 in the lower, 
Villous teeth on vomer and palatines, but none on 
tongue. 
Whole body shines with a metallic lustre. Back 
is light greyish-blue washed with green, and belly 
silvery. Ina living fish a purplish shade is notice- 
able. Seven or more longitudinal rows of greyish 
spots are found on each side of body. l 
This fish grows to a length of about 1 metre, 
and 5kg. in weight. Valuable food-fish, caught 
all the year round, and especially abundant in 
Spring. Spawning season is from April to May. 
Though wanting in the air-bladder, thìs species 
has a rather wide range of vertical distribution, 
swimming near the surface of water in warm 
seasons, and descending to greater depths in cold 
seasons. Geographically, this species is widely, and 
abundantly distributed in coastal waters of this 
country, also in waters of northern China; it occurs 
especially abundantly in the Inland Sea of Japan. 
Tetrapturus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 
** Makaziki ” 
PL. XXVI, fig. 1. te 
D. XXXVIL 6; A. 11, 6. 
Length of body equal to 2°/, times that of head, 
and to 6 ½ times depth of body. Body is elongated 
and compressed, covered with rudimentary embed- 
ded scales, “ Sword“ rounded on the edge; caudal 
keel double; small teeth in jaws and on palatines ; 
ventral fins represented each by a single spine. 
Dorsal fins separated in the adult, part of the 
middle rays being aborted, not greatly elevated, 
their height not greater than depth of body. 
Xiphias gladius Linné 
** Mekaziki ” 
PL. XXVI, fig. 2. x Ag 
D. XL, 4; A, 18, 4, 
Length of body equal to 2 !/, times that of head, 
and to 5 % times depth of body. Body elongated, 
scaleless, in young covered with rough granula- 
tions. Upper jaw very much prolonged, forming 
a “sword,” which is flattened horizontally and 
composed of the consolidated vomer, ethmoid, and 
pre-maxilary. First dorsal fin begins opposite to 
the gill-openings, falcate and elevated, its height 
rather less than that of body; seeond dorsal fin 
very small, is on the tail, opposite to the small 
second anal. Teeth are wanting in the adult, but 
present in the young, and 2 dorsal fins are con- 
nected, the fins being elevated as in the species 
Istiophorus. Skin is scaleless, more or less rough, 
especially in the young, which have rudimentary 
scales. Caudal keel is single. 
Colour of body dark metallie-purplish above, a 
dusky colour below, “Sword ” almost black above, 
below lighter. This fish occurs both in the Atlantic 
and Paeifie Oceans, attaining to a length of about 
2m. and a weight of from 140 to 180 kg. The 
flesh is pinkish and, being rich in flavour, fairly 
valued as food. 
Tetrapturus mazara Jordan & Snyder 
** Kurokawa " 
PL. XXVI, fig. 3. * /in 
D. XL, 7; A. 12, 6. 
Length of body equal to 2% times that of head, 
and to 6 times depth of body. Bedy elongated, 
compressed, with moderately long sword." Back 
high, the profile rapidly rising to dorsal fin. Spin- 
ous dorsal not abruptly faleate. Back dark-blue 
with numerous whitish transverse bars; both dor- 
sal fins violet, with bright blue spots. "This species 
is fairly common in this country, attaining to a 
length of 4 m. 
DEGERE. 
Istiophorus orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel) 
CHA 7۱۱۱ MED ۵ 
D. XLIV, 7; A. 10, 7. 
(SEE 2% fe, Rut. EO. ۰ 
NEL RMA CRA MARC AR EHO 
MAT: Kon C2 AK 8 A Af FRE 
Em, DML, ISL. HHO 5 EQ I DR, 
sei: MER. MIEN 4 a 2x T N FELT 
REAL, FRA K 0 BEET. F N 
LCS 4 orb. NAH 157 ۰ 
du cz 
Scomberomorus niphonium Cuvier & Valenciennes) 
۱ baut HEED 74 
D. XIX, 15, 9; A, II, 15, 8. 
MERHED 1 ½ Qo REDS ۱/۰ E. ۱۰ A0 e 
D 2% 4i, MARKO 6 / ie ۲+ e 4 ۲۷۱۵ مسا‎ E 
ELEC. Dit E LEED FC CN ۰ 
ABl D RI | ام‎ ۳3218014۵۵6۸۱ 
LK LEIHEN TENC 20 447-413. ۸ 
ART CREAR EAL GIES. MAR 
HERAUS TABLAS E LC HHO EA 8 
RGD. OMA TELA EON 
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PAIS L- 
ét. WW, 
Tetrapturus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 
Ont RI "BI ۵ 
D XXXVII, 6; A. 11, 6. 
MELMEO 2۳/۸ ۵56۱/۱ v. MAIER, 
Olin LACE DREDAH. Mike 
„ RER 235 WARRE. BEC 
TES. FEARED BOE THAT ما‎ HEE ik 
fest 92 سا‎ APRIL CAA ¢ ۰ 
* „ 
Xiphias gladius Linné 
ZERER AD مو"‎ 
D. XL, 4; A. 18, 4 
دم‎ HED 2 ½ 倍 MO hit Y. EU 
NN AE be MAME RT. LAIEN 
E (HHL |: va اجه(‎ SRT. Rift 
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ATRAE (ZR EET. BREED 
DORRE. BIDE SHEL ETT ۵۵ 
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OH ERE AMAT EG THR ۷۱۰ REESE 
E BORE, FRA LAL, EMOL 
ms, Fe عا‎ WERE ACRE, RPE A LEE 
10 2 5د‎ WT 40-180 REL-XE T. acht DAR ع كان‎ 
SL, AZULLTERZZRN ARD. 
2 1 ور‎ o 
Tetrapturus mazara Jordan & Snyder 
Br ASN) in 
D. XL, 7; A. 12, 6. 
MELMEO 2% ft, EO 864 EE, D 
RL. "ond L. INTF IK T r S N. ۴ 
A: IE 4 ۲۱1۵۸۸۵ ۰ WTFERI EL 
“CH HSH, TEE FMT LC. PE 4 ARES 
