the preceding in form, having nape less elevated, 
and dorsal profile eurved almost evenly from origin 
of soft dorsal to tip of snout. Snout pointed, very 
much longer than eye; maxillary not reaching 
front border of eye. Lateral line becoming straight 
below thirteenth soft dorsal ray, which is before 
middle of fin; the eurved portion longer than the 
straight. All parts of gill-cover scaly, except 
preopercle, free margins of inter-opercle, and sub- 
opercle. Body is deep-bluish above, and silvery 
below. This species oeeurs on the Pacific coast of 
Japan, and grows to 400 mm. in length; much 
esteemed as a valuable food fish, 
Trachiurus japonicus (Temminck & Schlegel) 
** Ma-adi ” 
PL. XXIX, fig. 5. x1 
D. VIII, I, 31 to 33; A. II, I, 27 to 29; scutes 69 
to 72. 
Length of body equal to 37/ times that of head, 
and to 4 times depth of body. Body a little com- 
pressed, elongated, oblong in shape. Snout pointed, 
longer than diameter of eye, which is rather shorter 
than inter-orbital space; lower jaw longer than 
upper; maxillary scarcely re2ching anterior border 
of pupil. Teeth very fine. Lateral line becomes 
straight below eighth soft dorsal ray ; the curved 
portion rather longer than the straight Body is 
dark-bluish above, silvery below; seutes yellowish. 
Widely distributed along coasts of Japan and in 
north-eastern Korea. Caught in abundance and 
much esteemed as food. 
Decapterus russelli (Rüppell) 
** O-aka-adi ۳ 
PL. XXIX, fig. 6. x1 
D. VIII, II, 30 to 32, I; A. II, I, 24 to 26, I; 
scutes 45. l 
Length of head equal to 31/ times that of head, 
and to 5 times depth of body. Body scarcely com- 
pressed, snout much longer than eye, maxillaries 
searcely reaching front border of eye. Teeth in 
each jaw in a single row; but on upper jaw more 
numerous at anterior end; those on vomer small, 
palatines toothed. Sub-operele distinctly coneave 
in posterior margin, descending obliquely at for- 
ward portion. Lateral line slightly arched, becom- 
ing straight at fourteenth soft dorsal ray, which 
is at middle of fin; scutes distinct along nearly 
whole length of straight portion of lateral Ine. 
Body deep-bluish above, silvery below, scutes yel- 
lowish ; all finsare reddish. This species is widely 
distributed throughout the Indian Ocean and the 
warm seas of the Pacific coast, specially caught 
in abundance in Summer in the Bonin Islands. It 
grows to 350 mm. in length, and is much esteemed 
as food. 
Decapterus muroadsi (Temminck & Schlegel) 
** Muro-adi ۳ 
PL. XXIX, fig. 7. x1 
D. VIII, I, 31 to 33; I; A. IJ, I, 26 to 28, I; 
scutes 33, 
Length of body equal to 4 times that of head; 
and to 47/,) times depth of body. Body much 
resembles in form the preceding, differing in having 
all fins greyish, in anal having more soft rays, 
and in haying teeth on tongue in band. Body 
bluish above, silvery below, a broad reddish-brown 
band, which turns yellow after death, running from 
tip of snout to base of upper lobe of eaudal; top 
of soft dorsal, lower lobe of caudal, basal part of 
anal, and paired fins faintly washed with purple. 
This species is common along the warm coasts of 
Japan. It grows to about 400 mm. in length, and 
is much esteemed as food, 
Megalaspis cordyle (Linné) 
“ Oniadi ” 
PD. CES, fp. 1. x1 
D. VHI, I, 10, 8 to 9; A. II, I, 8 to 10, 6 to 
8; seutes 50. 
Length of body equal to 3°/,, times that of head, 
or depth of body. Snout pointed, maxillaries ex- 
tending to centre of eye, lower jaw longer than 
upper. Teeth in upper jaw in a very narrow 
band ; those on the lower in a single row ; vomer, 
palatines, and tongue with minute teeth. Scutes 
very high, present along whole length of straight 
portion of lateral line ; lateral line strongly arched, 
beeoming straight below middle of pectoral. 
Colour of body is deep-blue above, silvery below, 
black spot on opercle; seutes brownish. This 
species is widely distributed in the tropical seas of 
the Pacific, occasionally oecurring along the south- 
ern coast of Japan. It grows to about 300 mm, 
in length, and is consumed as food, 
Caranx equula (Temminck & Schlegel) 
“ Kaiwari ” 
PL. XXIX, fig. 2. ½ 
D. XIII, I, 24 to 25, A. II, I, 23; scutes 28, 
Length of body equal to 3 !/, times that of head, 
and to 2 to 2'/; times the depth of body. Body 
rather high, with strongly but evenly profile ; snout 
rather longer than diameter of eye, maxillary ex- 
tending beyond front border of pupil; lateral line 
a little arched, becoming straight below fifteenth 
soft dorsal ray ; its eurved portion much longer 
than its straight portion. Caudal peduncle with 
Seven scutes, pectorals longer than length of head. 
Colour of body deep-bluish above, ventral silvery. 
Six pale bands present across the body in young, 
disappearing with age. This is one of the com- 
monest species of Caranx occurring in southern 
Japan, and its range extends northwards as far as 
the Prefecture of Isikawa on Japan Sea coast, and 
to the Prefesture of Iwate on the Pacific coast. 
Length of the body attains to about 200 to 300 mm.; 
much esteemed as food. 
Caranx sexfaciatus Quoy & Gaimard 
** Ginkameadi "' 
Pl. XXIX, fe. Sn a 
D. VIII, I, 20 to 21; A. II, I, 16 to 17 ; scutes 30. 
Length of body equal to 3 */,» times that of head, 
and to 27/,) times depth of body. Body oblong, 
nape rather elevated, dorsal profile gradually and 
almost evenly curved from tip of snout to dorsal 
fin, ventral profile eurved from tip of mandible 
to base of ventral, and thence very slowly descend- 
ing to origin of anal almost in a straight line. 
Maxillary extending to or beyond posterior border 
of pupil. Lateral line rather strongly arched, an- 
teriorly becoming straight below sixth dorsal, the 
eurved portion of the line shorter than the straight, 
Body is deep blue above, silvery below, seutes are 
brownish ; dorsal and caudal fins greyish ; ventral 
and anal fins pale. This species is widely distributed 
throughout the Indian Ocean and the warm seas 
of the Pacifie coast. It is also one of the com- 
monest species of Caranx occurring in the warmer 
parts of Japan. It attains to about 200 mm. in 
length, and is much esteemed as food. 
Caranx delicatissimus (Döderlein) 
** Sima-adi ”” 
PL. XXIX, fig. 4. * A 
D. VIII, I, 24 to 25; A. II, I, 21 to 22; seutes 26, 
Length of body equal to 3 '/, times that of head, 
and to 2°/,, times depth of body. Body resembles 
b. HME RHI نا‎ EL MIN N- N A 
BUR, PAE AK Le 
t i F f LC, ۳۲۱ ما‎ FEATHER 
af L, WE 400 FEET. .O Ve EER H 
= XE. 
Traehiurus japonieus Temminck & Schlegel 
Fra TED 1 
D. VIII, T, 31 to 33; A. II, I, 27 to 29; sentes 69 
to 72. 1 
WEI WED 31/445 MAO MED ۱۰ NK N, Mi 
mid. mur, EEE DS, META XU AN ما‎ 
Felt LAL DOC, tzo EE p. 
RELA ما‎ fd F ETF DARL eB. HP 
hae 2 HB Sy IS CLARA ۵ EL. 
Rëm LT, Mipi RS ILU. AB 
FRAT TEE ماه‎ Bieten, Mi 
41810121 5 b. MEAR D 300 FE SEI, 
FPF 17 2 
Decapterus russelli (Ruppel) 
n HAE) 1 
D. VIII, I, 30 to 32, I: A. II, I, 24 to 26, 1; 
seutes 45. 
۱۳۵2110 3 ½ tt, MMOS Ig 0. A H ME 
€, DLC Dn, MONEE DEL, EET 
BIEL sei 0۰ 05101412 و ات17‎ 2 
L- K UHE H. TERR L. 2۵ 
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LUO L h. abet Lc, FORA 
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BET. fide 350 FRECHE ÛL MOTERA D. 
LEP‏ ۳ يك 
Deeapterus muroadsi (Temminek & Schlegel)‏ 
GESTIRE MERD x1;‏ 
D. XIII, 31 to 33, I; A. II, I, 26 to 28, I; scutes 
33. 
WELHEO 44% RED 41/0150 0۰ BEBE 
A A HEH. WE 
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Megalaspis corpyla (Linné) 
Bra "mi 1 
D. VIII, 1,10, 8 to 9; A, II, I, 8 to 10, 6 to 8; 
scutes 50. 
WALTHAM O 3*/, Ig 0۰ WERD, EEM 
PMO PRE L, FMA ERE O MEL. ESO 
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MIS GI LT, FERE. WERBEN y. 
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EHED L. RE 300 FEMEL) (۱-0: 6 . 
2 4 9 3 
Caranx equula Temminck & Schlegel 
¡Ci Bl) x< 
D. XIII, I, 24 to 25; A. IL I, 23; scutes 28. 
Be Ede o 34 REO 2 乃至 2 ½ E b. rs 
GHS <> 1۴۸۳۵۲۱2 BR e Hee. WERE b dE 
„ EERROR EET. MPAA tt Ce 
HL KK FN ۷ 461-140 9 EN 
+ 7 1۰6 288 ۱۰ ۳085۱۵2111۳ ۷ ماع‎ Hei 
سا دا‎ FHH, MEE bY TE 6 MOREE N B. o 
5200753: 370 داع‎ EL. غلا‎ ¢ MANE 5. 
FINATS 
Caranx sexfaciatus Quoy & Gaimard. 
xT BEE) و‎ 
D. VIII, I, 20 to 21; A. II, I, 16 to 17; scutes 30. 
ER MAID? kb. l lll 
CLT, BITES د‎ FRE UG. HDR ما‎ 
1۳1۵۲۱2 FEN b BRIE ZE STAR BE L, 6 
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ERT. MARCHA A TEN ما‎ FHSS GNU X 
ML. RTE LC ۳22۵۵۸۲۱ E As On, 
14%, Rap AC LC, REH ما‎ ۴ 
b EN a L, AIR NN. MEH 200 ۴6۱-۴ 
L, BAL LTR ۰ 
Y ETS 
Caranx delicatissimus (Dóderlein) 
Ca ISA 
D. VIII, I, 24 to 25; A. II, I, 21 to 22 ; scutes 26. 
HERETO 3 ½ 倍 ,体高 D 2*/, bh. N HHN 
CERITA HABLA L b 526 ۳۸۵2۵۱ 
llt i ET. MIR DARL DEL RL. 3: bm 
Was ét MAA EF DAN 
