Length of body 2'/, times that of hand, and 3 
times depth of body. Length of head 5 % times 
diameter of eye, and 3% times length of snout. 
Body oblong-elongated, rather thin and compressed. 
Dorsal outline more arched than ventral. Profile 
of head broadly convex, the descent over eye rather 
steep. Teeth on sides of lower jaw in two rows; 
canines moderate. Scales rather small, etenoid ; 
cheeks, opercles, top of head, lower jaw, and chin 
with fine scales; a small patch of very fine scales 
near tip of maxillary. Colour brownish, the body 
crossed by seven transverse bands of darker colours, 
A fish of southern Japan. Especially prized as one 
of the choicest fishes at Nagasaki. 
Epinephelus fasciatus (Forskäl) 
** Aka-hata " 
PL. XXXIII, fig. 5. * N 
D. XI, 16; A. III, 8; scales 105. 
Length of body equal to 2*/, times that of head, 
and to 3% times depth of body; length of head 
equal to 5 ½ 0 diameter of eye, and to 4'/, length 
of snout. Body rather elongated and compressed ; 
deepest part of body at base of peetoral. Head 
heavy, its sub-straight profile having a slight de- 
pression in front of eye. Mouth slightly oblique 
upwards, maxillary extending beyond middle of 
eye; lower jaw projecting, pre-maxillary pro- 
tractile; teeth in jaws small mostly slender; villi- 
form teeth on vomer and palatines. Pre-operele 
broadly rounded at angle where some seven ser- 
ratures are visible. Dorsal originating above base 
of pectoral, slightly notched between spinous and 
soft portions, Colour of bedy yellowish orange 
above and on sides, lighter below; with deep 
orange eross-bands, whitish spots on sides; a nar- 
row dark ring outside eye, inter-spinous membrane 
of dorsal black tipped. This species haunts shallow 
rocky bottoms in warmer waters in Japan. Usual- 
ly eaught by hand-line, gillnet, ete. It measures 
about 300 mm. in length, and is used as food. 
Epinephelus ehlorostigma (Cuvier & Valenciennes) 
“ Hósekihata ” 
PL. XXXII, fig. 6. x'/ 
D. XI, 17; A. III, 8; scales 110. 
Length of body 2*/, times that of head, and 3 !/, 
times depth of body. Length of head 7'/, times 
diameter of eye, and 4% times length of snout, 
Body oblong and compressed, back moderately 
elevated. Profile straight, snout sharp, lower jaw 
projeeting. Teeth in sides of lower jaw in 2 rows ; 
eanines moderate. Posterior margin of pre-opercle 
serrated, but no serratures on lower margin. Scales 
small end ctenoid; cheeks and opereles covered 
with small scales; occiput with embedded scales ; 
maxillary and lower jow with numerous fine scales. 
Caudal subtruncate, Colour brownish, everywhere 
covered with small roundish or polygonal dark 
spots, separated by narrow paler areas, This fish 
is among the largest of the species belonging to 
Epinephelus, attaining to length upwards of 1 
metre. The choicest specimens are caught at 
Nagasaki. 
Epinephelus epistictus (Temminck & Schlegel) 
** Komonhata ” 
PL. XXXIII, fig. 1. x! 
D. XI. 15; A. III, 8; scales 110. 
Length of body 2% times that of head, and 3'/, 
times depth of body. Length of head 4 times 
diameter of eye or length ofsnout. Body oblong- 
elongated and compressed, with evenly curved 
upper outline which is nearly similar in shape to 
the lower. Profile steep but even, snout sharp. 
Lower jaw produced, Teeth on sides of lower jaw 
in two rows; canines moderate. Dorsal beginning 
over base of peetoral. Seales rather small, etenoid; 
top of head, opercles, cheeks and sub-orbitals 
covered with fine seales. Colour purplish, each 
side with 3 rows of blackish spots; soft dorsal, 
anal, and caudal black-spotted. A small fish of 
southern Japan. Occurs rarely. 
Epinephelus awoara (Temminck & Schlegel) 
„ Aoara” 
PL. XXXIII, fig. 2. ** 
D. XI, 16; A. III, 8; scales 95. 
Length of body 2% times that of head, and 3 ۰ 
times depth of body. Length of head 4% times 
diameter of eye, and 3 */, times length of snout. 
Body oblong, compressed ; back low; profile broadly 
conyex as far es forehead, whence the descent. be- 
comes steeper. Snout rather blunt; lower jaw 
slightly longer than upper, Teeth in sides of lower 
jaw in two rows, canines moderate. Pre-opercu- 
lar angle only slightly produced ; furnished with 2 
or 3 moderately strong points. Seales moderately 
large, etenoid ; cheeks, opercles,! ower jaw, and chin 
scaled; maxillary sealeless. Colour brownish, body 
crossed with 5 broad blackish bands. A rather 
rare fish ; found oceasionally in southern Japan. 
Anlacocephalus temmincki Bleeker 
“ Rurihata ” 
PL. XXXIII, fig. 3. x1 
D. IX, 12; A. III, 8; scales 85. 
Length of body 2°/, times that of head, and 2 ½ 
times depth of body. Length of head 5'/, times 
diameter of eye, and 2*/, times length of snout. 
Body oblong and compressed ; back moderately 
elevated. Head rather large and eompressed, snout 
pointed. Jaws subequal. Villiform teeth in jaws 
and on vomer and palatines; no eanines; tongue 
smooth. Pre-operele serrated; operele with 3 
strong spines. Spinous dorsal low; caudal sub- 
truncate. Soales rather small, ctenoid ` cheeks and 
opercles scaled; rest of head without scales. Late- 
ral line continuous, high, and strongly eurved under 
back of dorsal. Colour purplish, paler below; it 
has a yellow mid-dorsal stripe. A fish of southern 
Japan. Unimportant as food. 
Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg) 
* Mahata ” 
PL. XXXIII, fig. 4. * 
D. XI, 14; A. II, 9; scales 110. 
* 3 
Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg) 
《第 三 十 三 图 版 ”第 四 圆 ) ۰ 
D. XI, 14; A. II, 9; scales 110. 
1815 MERO 2 ½ با‎ MEO 3448 0. 1110 
52/ 倍 , MED ۹/۰۱ ۰ HS L بالط‎ 
CAG, TTAB E K Y BELA d, 1۵ 
BEC FIBER L, ۳۳۹۱۵۲۵۵ 2 7۶۸۱ LTR qi 
KD, MERAJ LTR om, nio MHH, FEN 
21۱318012 h. AGC LTT DRE Gn 
bb. 5 61-23 
L] 
7 D o ۸ 
Epinephelus fasciatus (Forskal) 
حر حي‎ HER) و‎ 
D. XI, 16; A. III, 8; scales 105. 
MHD 2 ½ ما‎ RED 3 ½ MEE LTH 
4150 م5‎ 4f, WED 4 f h. Sëtz AP L. 胸 
Kn Cheese DU. Wide EEE O ERN I 
ARO HA ERED, FAIL, RIERA LT: 
TRO ORT EER D. mien AML, TREE 
Wo&EXENE LC in, RRR dede L (۱۱۱-۱۸۱۵۶ 1 ۰ 
T. EAEEREN LT FMR, ARORA 
MHD, MORAL OMB S oC. PPR ES 
GRD h. NANA E K- K. T. MEK 300 
FEET- 
5م ع يه و جار 
Epinephelus chlorostigma (Cuvier & Valeneiennes)‏ 
HED ۶‏ ۲ 2-۲ ( 
D. XI, 17; A, III, 8; seales 110, 
۱91۴ کرد‎ 2/4 N D 3 ED . 2 ۴ 
O 7 / WED 4۱/۰ dO. EERE LCD 
L. TRA HEE L. EERE LTR . FEN 
BEAT. FERM 2 WN LCE AD, 
BUMMER IS BARS ع‎ GME FE THEMAS F. 
RAL LTE L, BRKT AER L NN TE 
5. exco, LATO ۳۸۲۱-۱۵ ۶ ( 
ob, AMA AT, MBER سا‎ AS 
MPa MI eae db, METEL h. LA 
EL 5 AICS L, 
5 جد‎ = 
Epinephelus epistictus (Temminck & Schlegel) 
Here "Ri ۰ 
D. XI, 15; A. III, 8; scales 110. 
mo 2,4% BO 3/12 0. WISI 
Da WED 4452: 0. e HL TER L fit 
fa Ly ات دا و‎ L, FHS ARME h. 8 
ABRIRLA AD FEREL- ۵ 
LAME Hie o. TARA ARCO EA =D B 
ARAMA LTR Lo ME OF ۳ 
BE RRL TER 5. SEL ما‎ THEME 3 ۴ 
SPE ما‎ ie BERTRAM. nk 
ET ات18۱(‎ TIRED L- 
Ya cs oae 
Epinephelus awoara (Temminck & Schlegel) 
== BED ۰ 
D. XI. 16; A. III. 8; seales 95. 
RELIED 21,4% RD 3 / fd (۰ eH ۴ 
(D 4% 倍 , MED 3 ½ Het ۵۰ BEER | f 
LAA HS CIE ete لا‎ N. MOL ATS 
(Fäi CEL. Folia 2 ۱۱ L TARA BARA D. 
EBERLE RRL 2 7928 3 10۱0270 AP vof; 3. Pi 
ARAN LTH Wins, n3o FOKUS 
p. ERAM L. frg LT EDI s RÊ 
BHD 0۰ 788 ]1 211-7253 HN L. 
1 9 „ 
Anlacocephalus temmincki Bleeker 
(第 三 十 三 圆 版 Aah) ٩ 
D. IX, 12; A. III, 8; scales 85. 
MELTED 2% 4 WHO 2 / HS ۷۰ TIAMAT 
O 5 ½ fity WED 2 ½ e 0۰ REEL ۵ 
ما‎ Wife MARS. MAA EL. 8 
i. MERO N HN EIN L CAML. mir 
WN. WORE e K I L, REC ۵ Do 
xk ١ FRIAR ¢ nA EK T. MANN KE 
Le E K Lo MEU H- b h. AL 
dd, WBA 2۳۱ TEZE L diia. Wie 
CFTA S. Jä REDON D. WAAC PE 
هما‎ RIH 11 OF, 
