and twiee depth of body ؛‎ length of head equal to 
about 5% times diameter of eye, and to 1*/, 
times length of snout, Body elliptical, compressed, 
covered with rough scales; 3 or 4 enlarged scales 
behind gill opening; sides of caudal peduncle have 
two and a half rows of spines. Dorsal and anal 
fins rather low, caudal fin somewhat truncated, 
ventral spine very short and movable. Lateral 
line inconspicuous. Colour of body black above, 
and paler below with 4 longitudinal rows of large, 
round, yellowish-blue spots; there is an oblique 
bluish-brown band on snout, uniting with its fellow 
of the other side; lips with a broad, light-brown 
ring with blackish border, followed posteriorly by 
narrow, light-brown ring. First dorsal fin blackish; 
bases of second dorsal and anal fins light yellow, 
and distal parts dusky, Caudal base with a broad 
vertical blackish band, then light-brown and 
blackish at distal portion. This fish attains to a 
length of 300 mm. The species ranges in distribu- 
tion from Hakodate to East Indies, being very 
rare in Japan. 
Ranzania makua Jenkins 
“ Kusabi-manbó ’’ 
PL. XL, fig. 6. X 7 
D. 17; A. 18; C. 19. 
Length of body equal to 2% times that of head, 
and to 2'/, times depth of body; length of head 
equal to 2% times that of snout and to 6 times 
diameter of eye. Body oblong, short, strongly 
compressed, truncated behind, without caudal pe- 
duncle. Eye small and placed well above axis of 
body. Skin smooth, tessellated with smooth hexa- 
gonal plates. Dorsal and anal fins very high and 
faleated. Spinous dorsal and ventral fins obsolete. 
Colour of body dark above; on sides and below 
silvery ; sides of body with many irregular black 
bands and numerous small black spots. This 
species is distributed from Hawaii to southern 
Japan, but occurs rarely, 
Mola mola (Linné) 
si Manbo ” 
PL. XL, fig. 6. xn 
D. 17; A. 16. 
Length of body equal to 8 times that of head, 
and to 1% times depth of body. Body sub- 
orbieular and strongly compressed, truncated be- 
hind; there is no caudal peduncle. Skin thick, 
rough, without hexagonal plate as in Ranzania 
makua Jenkins. Dorsal and anal fins high and 
falcata, without spines ; ventral fins absent; caudal 
fin truneated, with a wavy outline. Body blackish- 
grey above, sides paler with silvery lustre; a 
broad black bar extending along base of caudal 
fin. Body length attains to 2 metres. This fish 
occurs mostly in temperate and tropical seas, 
oceasionally ranging in distribution northward to 
Tokyo, San Francisco, Cape Cod, and Great Britain. 
This species is pelagie, exposing dorsal fin above 
surface of sea. The intestines are very good as 
food, 
Siganus fuscescens (Houttuyn) 
44 Aigo Lé 
PL. XL, fig, 1, X! 
D. XIV, 10; A, VII, 9; V. I, 3, I. 
Length of body equal to 3% to 4% times that 
of head, and to 2'/, to 2% times depth of body; 
length of head equal to 3% times diameter of 
eye. Body oval, compressed, covered with very 
small eyeloid scales, Head short; mouth small, 
with a single row of small, serrated incisors; no 
teeth on vomer or on palatines. First dorsal spine 
Short, directed forwards, rest of spinous portion 
occupying the greater part of the back; ventral 
fins each with an outer and an inner Spine, and 
three soft rays between them. Colour of body 
bluish-brown above, mottled light and dark yellow 
indistinetly. Total length attains to 500 mm.; 
oeeurs on rocky shores of southern Japan. Her- 
bivorous fish, provided with poison glands at root 
of dorsal spines. | 
Cantherines modestus (Günther) 
* Umazurahagi ” 
PL. XL, fig. 2. NA 
D. I, 85 to 38; A. 34 to 36. 
Length of body equal to 3?/, to 3 % times that 
of head, and to 2 / to 23/, times depth of body; 
length of head is 5 times diameter of eye, Body 
elliptical and compressed, and covered with velvety 
scales; snout long and its profile gently curved in 
male but almost straight in female. Eye high 
and small. Ventral spine immovable and attached 
to pelvie bone; dorsal spine has a row of antrorse 
barbs on each side, and a pair of rows of smaller 
median tubercles in front. Body light bluish-grey 
and paler below; fins clear blue; this species is 
one of the commonest fishes all over the coasts of 
Japan, and the most delicious among the file fishes. 
Total length attains to more than 300 mm.. 
Monacanthus cirrhifer Temminck & Schlegel 
'* Kawahagi ” 
PL. XL, fig. 3. * 71 
D. I, 34; A. 33. 
Length of body equal to 3% times that of head, 
and to 1*/; to 1% times of depth of body; length 
of head 4 times diameter of eye. Body short, 
deep and strongly compressed; snout rather pro- 
duced, pointed at tip and its profile a little concave. 
Mouth small and lips thick; teeth strong and 
their edges emarginated, Dorsal fin in the adult 
with second soft ray much produced; ventral spine 
small and movable. Body yellowish-brown, with 
many indistinct, irregular marks; longitudinal 
blackish-brown bars on sides. This fish attains to 
more than 300 mm. in length very abundant off 
rocky shores from Tokyo to Kyusyu. Spawns in 
Summer; not very palatable as food. 
Balistes conspicillum Bloch & Schneider 
"7 Mongarahagi’”’ 
PL, XL, fig. 4. CNA 
D. III, 25 to 26; A. 21 to 22; scales 46 to 55. 
Length of body equal to 3 times that of head, 
* n ¥ 
Balistes canspieillum Bloch & Schneider 
CAS Tan SHI) ۶ 
D. 111, 25 to 26; A. 21 to 22; scales 46 to 55. 
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