second dorsal. Caudal lunated in form. Body olive- 
brown above, paler below, two interrupted dark 
stripes running along sides of body, Body attains 
a length of 900 mm. In Sea of Japan it ranges 
southwards to the Yamaguti Prefecture, being 
exceedingly common on east coast of Korea, Hok- 
kaido, Toyama and Niigata; not very common on 
the Pacific coasts of Japan. This fish swims at 
depths of upwards of £00 metres. Spawning occurs 
in shallow waters, during from February to April. 
The ovary is very much esteemed as food, 
Haloporphyrus oidema Tanaka 
“ Sokohigedara ” 
PL. XLIX, fig. 5. x. 
D. 4, 60; scales 200. 
Length of body 3?/, times that of head, and 4 
times depth of body; length of head 4?/, times 
diameter of eye, and 3'/, times length of snout. 
Body elongated, and eompressed, deepest part being 
at insertion of first dorsal. Head rather short, 
slightly compressed with sub-straight profile; eye 
large, directed slightly upwards; snout shortish, 
bluntly pointed. Mouth moderately large, slightly 
oblique, lower jaw much ineluled; a well deve- 
loped barbel on chin. Teeth in jaws villiform, in 
rather broad bands; vomer with a small patch of 
similar teeth on its head ; no teeth on palatines. 
First dorsal inserted over base of pectoral, first 
ray filamentous; anal inserted beneath the end of 
the first quarter of the length of the base of 
second dorsal. Ventral inserted a little before base 
of pectoral, some of its rays filamentous. Seale 
small, eyeloid. Brownish, much lighter below. A 
deep-water fish. 
Gadus macrocepha!us Tilesius 
ara 
PL. XLIX, fig. 6. * 
Dala, 16. BEA DIN. 
Length of body equal to 3 times that of head, 
and to 4°/, times depth of body; length of head 
equal to 6 times diameter of eye. Body moderate- 
ly elongated, tapering behind; head and mouth 
large and lower jaw included, barbel of lower jaw 
well-developed ; teeth in jaws strong, cardiform, 
arranged in narrow bands; vomer having teeth, 
there being none on palatines. Lateral line pale. 
Vent situated below second dorsal fin. There are 
three dorsal fins, well separated; two anal, also 
well separated ; caudal lunate. Body light-brown 
above, paler below; back and sides with numerous 
irregular dark-brown blotches; caudal, and second 
and third dorsal fins are dusky in colour. It at- 
tains to more than 1 metre in length. In Japan 
it ranges southwards from Kinkazan (near Sendai) 
on the Pacific coast; also occurs in northern paris 
of the Sea of Japan and on east coast of Korea. 
In southern parts it is fished on the sea-bottom at 
a depth of about 100 fathoms but, in the northern 
parts mostly at depths of 10 to 40 fathoms; the 
favourable temperature for the fish is 5°C. The 
eggs are small, and the adult female yields from 
2,000,000 to 3,000,000 eggs according to ther size 
in from January to February. 
Eleginus navaga (Kölreuter) 
** Komai " 
PL. XLIX, fig. 7. * d 
D. 13, 18, 18; A. 22, 20; scales 157. 
Length of body 3 ½ times that of head, and 6 
times depth of body, Length of head 5*/, times 
diameter of eye, and 3 times length of snout. 
Body elongate, the caudal region moderate. Snout 
conic, sharp, rounded in profile; lower jaw in- 
eluded; maxillary reached vertically to the front 
of pupil; chin with a minute, barbel. Teeth in 
' jaws slender; teeth on vomer few and the same 
shaped smaller teeth in upper jaw. Vent under 
front of second dorsal; pectoral fin not reached to 
vent; ventrals reaching halfway to vent, the second 
ray moderately produced ; caudal fin slightly emar- 
ginated. Scales small, eyeloid. Body greyish brown 
in colour, somewhat mottled. An arctic fish ex- 
tends its range southwards to Hokkaido. It at- 
tains to 300 mm. in length. 
Salarias enoshimae (Jordan & Snyder) 
** Kaeru-uwo ۳ 
PL. XLIX, fig. 1. x1 
DB. XIII, 2b; A. 1,22: P. M. 
Length of body equal to 5 '/,, times that of head, 
and to 4?/,, times depth of body ; length of head 
equal to.4 '/ times diameter of eye. Body rather 
elongated and compressed ; snout short, blunt, its 
anterior profile sub-vertieal. Eye very high and 
far anterior; mouth small, horizontal; teeth, in 
single row all movable, small, slender, implanted 
in the skin of lips, teeth close together and comb- 
shaped, posterior canine obsolete; no teeth on 
vomer or on palatines. A thin, erest-shaped der- 
mal flap on upper part of oceiput. Body entirely 
uncovered with scales. Lateral line arched in front, 
the line distinct anteriorly, disappearing posterior- 
ly. Spinous part of dorsal fin separated from soft 
part by a deep notch. Body purplish-dark-grey, 
belly paler; body marked with narrow clouded 
white touches; spinous dorsal with 2 or 3 rows of 
indistinet light spots; a wavy narrow line running 
obliquely on soft dorsal. Usual length about 150 
mm. Common in tide pools of southern Japan, 
such as Bósyü, Misaki, Enosima, ete., always living 
in rocky holes ; viviparous, and herbivorous in habit. 
Dictyosoma burgeri Van der Hoeven 
**Dainanginpo”’ - 
PL. XLIX, fig. 2. x. 
D. LII, 10; A. I, 10. 
Length of body equal to 6 '/, times that of head, 
and to 7% times depth of body, length of head 
equal to 4% times that of snout, and to 6 ½ 
times diameter of eye. Body elongated, covered 
with small embedded scales with exception of head. 
Snout blunt, its upper part with a low fleshy ridge, 
which extends to occiput. Body covered with tubes 
crossing at right angles to lateral line and forming 
an elaborate network over body. Gill membranes 
broadly united, without fold and frea from the 
isthmus. Ventral fins absent; dorsal and anal fins 
united with eaudal. Body bluish-black; a broad 
blackish-brown band passing downwards and back- 
wards from eye. It attains to 400 mm. in length; 
rather common in rocky tide pools and bays of 
central Japan. d 
Enedrias nebulosus (Temminck & Schlegel) 
“ Ginpo" 
PL. XLIX, fig. 8. ول‎ 
D. LXXXI ; A. II, 39. 
Length of body equal to 8 */; times that of bead, 
and to 6?/, times depth of body; length of head 
equal to 5 ½ times that of snout, and to 5% 
times diameter of eye. Body very elongated, com- 
pressed; head small. Teeth small and blunt, ar- 
ranged in narrow bands in both jaws. Head and 
body covered with very small eyeloid scales ; no 
tentacle on head. Lateral line obsolete. Dorsal fin 
composed of spines only; ventral reduced to a 
single spine followed by a rudimentary ray. Body 
variously mottled with irregular-shaped olive-brown 
blotches, belly orange; a dark stripe extending 
downwards from eye and also to inter-orbital space; 
dorsal and anal fins also mottled like body. Fish 
measures to 300 mm. in length; very common 
ihroughout coasts and in estuarine waters in shal- 
low bays of Japan; fairly good as food. Spawn- 
ing occurs among sea-weeds in Winter, the adhe- 
sive eggs being attached to aleae or other objects. 
Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas) 
t Suketódara ’’ 
PL. XLIX, fig. 4. x. 
D. 12. 14, 18: A. 20, 28. 
Length of body equal to 4 times that of head, 
and to 6 times depth of body; length of head equal 
to 3 ½½ times that of snout, and to 5 times di- 
ameter of eye. Body rather elongated. Lower jaw 
projecting, chin with a minute barbel; teeth in 
jaws sub-equal, in villiform bands, villiform teeth 
on vomer, none on palatines. Sub-opercle and 
post-clavicle enlarged. There are three dorsal, and 
two anal fins, all well separated from one another; 
ventral fin somewhat filamentous reaching vent. 
Vent situated under interspace between first and 
dunno. WOU LT: AES EN 
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YAREFRS 
Haloporphyrus oidema Tanaka 
CUO IL A 
D. 4, 60; scales 200. 
EHED 3%, PED AMS 0. HIM eo 
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CEM ا‎ AED K /. 
D. 18, 18 16; A. 21, 17. 
fed suo 34% nomo 4°/, Mrd. MEA HNO 
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Gm tan HERD و‎ 
D. 13, 18, 18; A. 22, 20; scales 157. 
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CASO Shai A 
D. LXXXI ; A. II, 39. 
TRIE 8 /, RAD TR Hard. aki" 
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ما‎ MENE 9۰ 2۲۳۱۵۳۵ €. زا‎ A ARLE E 
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Theragra chaleogramma (Pallas) 
CAU FOOD ۰ 
D. 12, 14, 18; A. 20, 20. 
MERO 44%, MERO 6447 0. BED 3 
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