CARE OF ESPALIER DWARF 
TRAINED FRUIT TREES 
PLANTING - FASTENING — Support of some kind js 
necessary to protect the branches from severe winter winds and 
weight of fruit. There are several methods of fastening Espalier 
Trees. The most popular methods are described below: 
One or more Espaliers planted against a wail or fence. 
A. Spikes or Flanges set behind end leaders. The first set is 
placed a few inches below the lowest horizontal branch, so 
vertical leaders will not have that tendency to spring upward. 
Use 8” galvanized spikes, allowing 6” to protrude from wall of 
brick, cement or stone. Use a star drill to avoid wall damage. 
Use flanges with nipples on a wooden, clapboard or tile wall, 
to avoid splitting. Flanges are 6-inch long pipes, 1 inch in diam- 
eter, fastened to the wall by means of screws. These may be 
painted to match the color of the wall. 
If several trees are planted, spikes or posts may be set at 
intervals wherever support is needed. 
B. Stretch galvanized number 10 wire horizontally and attach 
to spikes or posts. Turnbuckles are used when the wire is loose 
and needs to be tightened for firm planting. 
C. Tie main leaders to wires with tarred twine or raffia. 
D. Plant Graft above surface. 
E. Spread roots in natural position, without crowding. 
F. Pipes, 3” Cedar Posts, or 2 x 2 inch stakes, may be used. 
Drive posts 2 feet deep. Height of posts depends upon type of 
Espaliers planted. Place terminal posts as far apart as planting 
will ultimately extend. Posts for a planting of. Horizontal 
Cordons should be placed 20 ft. apart. All posts inserted in the 
ground should be painted with creosote, for longer last. 
G. Hook nails used to attach wire to wooden posts. 
T. Trunk—Espaliers planted against a wall should be set at 
least one foot distance from wall to allow for good aeration and 
root spreading. 
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