152 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
The Shumla sandstone* is not clearly distinct from the overlying 
mass, of which it is the initial or basal member. It is, in fact, some- 
what erratic and discontinuous* as a sandstone. This rock is known 
from Lake Erie near the state line** to west of Perrysburg, being 
seen at Westfield,*t south of Brocton and Lamberton, at Shumla,*” 
thence around the hill slope to above Forestville*® and again around 
to northwest of Nashville, where it passes under drift except for a 
gutter outcrop west of Perrysburg. Its identity eastward is still in 
doubt ; it may well be some of the higher sandstones in the Caneadea 
section,?* comprised in the Wellsburg member.*’ The thickness of 
the Shumla on Chautauqua creek is taken at 22 feet but the limits are 
uncertain; on the Little Canadaway and at Shumla it is 40 feet and 
thence eastward maintains a good thickness to Perrysburg. 
The Shumla initiates over 400 feet of beds in no wise different 
from the Gowanda and the Westfield as they enter the State. These 
the “ Portage flags” of I. C. White,** here renamed the North- 
east shale, from the township in Erie county, Pennsylvania. The 
Northeast beds are fully exposed in Chautauqua creek gulf,** with 
thickness of about 415 feet, and on the Canadaway* (Arkwright 
Falls) above Shumla. Here they are nearly barren*® except for 
burrows, but eastward they assume a fossiliferous character with 
an easily recognized fauna best exhibited in the Pierce quarry west 
of Machias. The Machias fauna is already present in the road hill 
south of Persia turnout and at least as far west as south of Wango. 
It is fully developed in the railway cut at Cattaraugus. In all these 
localities it involves the Northeast beds from top downwards and 
the change is lithologic as well as faunal. Apparently the North- 
east (Machias) embraces those beds which on the Genesee river 
intervene between the heavy sandstones of Caneadea and the Cuba 
sandstone*? and which become the main mass of the Wellsburg 
sandstone®™ farther east. 
Next to the Dunkirk black shale the most important horizon 
marker in this area is the Cuba sandstone,* signifying a westward 
doi On Whe PLO Spirirver GisyjwMmerus wane, Wee 
“Compare Geol. of N. Y., 4th Dist., pl... VIb and p. 407. 
“Ibid. and N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 60, p. 1028. 
— cthyAnns Kept) (18a) ps! L774 Geolmot INE aa thimDis tampa 4O7 se eNanys 
State Mus. Bul. p. 60, p. 1027. 
“ee, acl (GuSe Neots OV, fob IMO 20), Gre, 
= Geolsvot, NE WY.) 4th Dist. ip. 2acr248) 
© Tbid. p. 238. 
*N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 60, p. 1028-29. 
“J, S, Geol. Surv. Bul, 41, p. 22, 63. N. Y. State Mus, Bul. 60, p. 968-69. 
