Vrain, 1900.] 
QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 317 
to the people of America the urgency of making State reserves, protecting 
} ,,. 70m fire, and managing them systematically ; for as long as lumber only 
| 1's exported from the forests the younger and smaller trees were left, but now 
| at the wood-pulp man has appeared no trees escape, as he utilises all the 
_ | es left by the lumber man. 
— | gy the New York Tribune, referring to the numberless uses of wood-pulp 
‘id the inroads caused on the United States forests, says :—Printing paper 
— me eats an enormous hole in our national forests yearly, and the future 
| Mtent of that requirement can only be conjectured. The huge procession of 
| 2ay cars all over the country run, to some extent, on paper wheels; 
| , "Peuters are beginning to use boards of paper handsomely veined requiring 
= | ,” Planing, twice as durable as the wooden variety, and costing only half the 
=a | ten The builder is introducing paper bricks, showily enamelled, which will 
| biilden and possess many advantages over those of burnt clay. The ship- 
| 4.., 0% Introduces masts and spars of the same substance, which is likewise 
te for telegraph and telephone poles and flagstaffs. These are not fanciful 
= | fens, but serious business procedures, justified by the superior durability 
© articles so produced. The same quality is claimed for the paper horse- 
| ,,.° tecently invented and now extensively used. An enumeration of the 
| "poses for which this surprising protoplasm has come to be employed would 
| ‘“tch into. a catalogue, and new ones seem to be discovered every day. 
- my we are approaching the day referred to in the chorus of the old 
| 
es 
Paper hats, paper coats, paper boots and shoes, 
Patent paper sailing ships and patent paper crews ; 
On the paper market there’ll be a paper strain, 
And everyone, both young and old, will have paper on the brain. 
i The chief wood used for pulp is spruce, but silver fir is used in the Vosges 
*tntains, Poplars, which have a short fibre, are also used, but more especially 
| the Mixing with‘spruce pulps to give the paper a-more even surface. Of spruce 
Bhaw 1s an unlimited supply in the north-western Himalayas, from the 
No 
Cg 
[ie | 
Tati to Afghanistan, also in Sikkim and Bhutun. It grows chiefly on 
tthern and western slopes, between 7,000 and 11,000 feet. The species is, of 
a ©, Abies Smithiana, very closely allied to the common European spruce, 4. 
| ae 1t attains a maximum height of some 225 feet, and a girth up to 16 
jaa The wood is white, like that of 4. ewcelsa, and weighs about the same— 
= pm 32 Ib. per cubic foot on the average. 
. Th the Jaunsar Division alone there is a huge stock of magnificent trees, 
he, 18 unsaleable at present, as there isno demand for it. So much so is this 
mine” that wherever it happens to be found growing near deadar, it iy 
a. 1; essly killed by girdling and allowed to rot, so as to favour the valuable deodar. 
| ta oely estimate that from this division, were the spruce put under systematic 
i may gement, an annual out-turn of 1,50,00,000 cubic feet, or about 5,70,000 
Gua nds, equal to about 21,000 tons by weight, could be obtained. If a large 
ai itity like this were exported, it is probable that it would pay the Forest 
.% amon i sell the wood at Dagpathar, on the Jumna, for about 11 
Ay a; maund. 
| (ary V0 ground mechanically yields, I believe, one-third of its weight in pulp 
Teas > and this the paper-mills would, it is supposed, willingly purchase for at 
| tm 8 rupees per maund delivered on the railway, as their agents in the bazaars 
, LOW scouring the country for old pieces of paper of all kinds which have te 
tip tted, washed, and bleached before being of-any use. For this the agents 
| boat Tupees per maund, and they must get a good commission for all their 
/ Ule, 
Stee... 
Dep Tifty-seven thousand maunds of spruce would yield some 1,90,000 maunds 
of Mhum, or 633 maunds per diem (taking 300 working days = one year), 
"i Mechanically ground pulp, and this should sell for 5,70,000 rupees. 
here is not likely to be any difficulty in disposing of this quantity, as the 
hd for paper in this country is steadily on the increase, more or less in 
