358 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. [1 May, 1900. 
to be necessary. Removing the cause and acting upon the digestive organs will 
usually: affect a cure, except in well-advanced cases. Mis 
Hyphosulphite of soda, a teaspoonful to each animal in its food, 18 rec 
mended by some, but has not been tested at this institution. 
Prevention of Paralysis and Rheumatism.—When animals become sick, 
is important to know what to do; but it is infinitely more important to kno! 
how to prevent disease. Paralysis and rheumatism may almost invarla ly 
traced to mistakes m feeding, or to unsuitable surroundings. Of cours® © 
impracticable to describe all the possible ways of successfully feeding ee 
managing swine, and all that ean be attempted is to give a few suggestions. od 
Exercise.— Constipation is practically unknown among hogs that have plenty 
of exercise. The influence of exercise upon the action of the bowels is 50 
known that it need not be dwelt upon; and when the bowels move regi 
there is little to be feared from paralysis. As far as practicable, therefore, hog , 
should be encouraged to take exercise; but, unfortunately, exercise © 
frequently out of the question during the cold winter months. ne 
Feeding.—Where exercise is limited, the skill of the feeder is taxed 10 ot 
utmost. There is probably no best meal ration for the hog—at any rate, tt ate 
known. Generally speaking, the greater the variety of foods the better. ‘iv 
if an exclusive meal ration is fed the danger point is always near, for dige the 
troubles are liable to occur. Dairy by-products are excellent, and lesse? +8 
danger to a considerable extent, but they are not always available. ae ft 
however, are available on nearly every farm during the winter, and they ne 
an excellent regulator. Tt is a well-known fact that where hogs have acces* tif 
pasture they are remarkably free from the evils under discussion, and 10° 
have an action somewhat similar to grass. In our experimental feedin 
most thrifty and vigorous hogs have been those which received roots: “1 
method of feeding roots is very simple. The roots are pulped and mixed va 
the dry-meal ration, and then the whole mass is moistened with water, ML) .. 
whey, as the case may be. Sugar-beets, mangels, or turnips may be fe 
manner, but potatoes are probably better cooked. Of course the other ™. 
may be cooked if desired, but we have not found it necessary to do 80 vite 
srowing pigs, three to five months old, we have allowed the roots to cones ms 
as high as 50 per cent. of the weight of the total ration—that is to say, W® 
fed 1 Ib. of roots for every 1 Ib. of meal. This may be regarded as 
root feeding, and the pigs fed in this way were rather thin and did not 
rapid gains, but they were remarkably healthy and gained rapidly when the 
make 
meal ration was increased at a later period. ‘l'wenty-five to 30 per cent. 0 fthe j 
weight of the total ration may be regarded as a fair proportion of roots. 
animals leave some of the roots it is not necessary to decrease the proport’ es 
roots in the mixture. The difficulty can be overcome by feeding ® aie 
quantity of the mixture, giving them only what they will eat up clean. *” “ig 
way the danger of overfeeding is avoided. Roots may be used for all clase Oy 
hogs, and the quantity must be regulated by the feeder, who must be guid 
the condition of the animals. Some prefer feeding the roots whole, 2 
give the pigs more exercise. eae 
For feeding sows, or even for younger animals, variety may be giv? 
ration by running some good clover hay through the cutting box, steamins 
: jg mun 
and mixing it with the meal ration. An occasional feed of this mixture 
relished, and has a decidedly beneficial effect. ek 
Generally speaking, an effort must be made to avoid overloading th 
animal’s stomach with concentrated food. When hogs run at large durina 
summer, there is little danger of doing this; but in winter feeding, iu 4 
feeding hogs shut in pens, great care is necessary. When hogs are confi 
pons during the summer, green foods, such as grass, clover, peas, rape; ©”? 
e used to advantage. cet 
Correctives.—Under the name “ correctives”’ are included those subsite 
which are not foods, but which have a beneficial action upon the pes?! 
organs, Earth is one of the simplest, though perhaps not the best of 
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