429 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL youRNaL. [1 May, 1900. 
“Carbohydrates,—The nitrogen-free extract and fibre are often classed 
together: under thé name of “carbohydrates.” The carbohydrates form the 
largest part of all:vegetable foods. hey are either stored up as fat or burn 
‘in-the body to produce heat and energy. The most common and importan 
carbohydrates are sugar and starch. 
Fibre, sometimes called “ crude cellulose,” is the framework of plants, and 
is, asa rule. the most indigestible constituent of feeding stuffs. ~The coats’ 
fodders, such as hay and straw, contain a much larger proportion of fibre than 
the grains, oil cakes, &e. 
_ Nitrogen-free extract includes starch, sugar, gums, and the like, and forms 
an important part of all feeding stuffs, but especially of most grains. 
Fat, or the materials dissolved from a feeding stuff by ether, is a substance 
of mixed character, and may include, besides real fats, wax, the green colouring 
matter of plants, &e. The fat of food is either stored up in the body as fat oF 
burned, to furnish heat and energy. 
MISCELLANEOUS TERMS. 
Fungus (plural fungi) is a low form of plant life destitute of green 
colouring matter; mould and mushrooms are familiar examples. 
Spore is a minute body, borne by a fungus, which is capable of reproduc 
the fungus directly. It corresponds in function with the seed of hig 
plants. 
Bacillus (plural bacill’) is a genus of bacteria, which is the name applied 
in common to a number of different or closely related microscopic organis™) 
all of which consist of single short cylindrical or elliptical cells or two Sue 
cells joined end to end and capable 6f spontaneous movement. Many kinds 0 
bacteria are harmful, and cause diseases and other injurious effects ; but many 
are beneficial. Among the latter are those which give aroma to tobacco oes 
flavour to butter and cheese, and those which enable leguminous plants to 
the free nitrogen of the air. 
Inoculation is the introduction of bacteria or other organisms into sul 
é ; 3 : : ; ah are 
roundings suited to their growth with a view to producing the effects which at 
the result of their activity. 
MANURE FOR TOMATOES. 
Mr. J. J. Wins, one of the chief coadjutors of Sir John Lawes a 
contributed a valuable article to the Gardener's Magazine on this subject . 
appears to be based mainly upon the results of numerous experiments coin - 
out in recent years in the experimental stations of the United States, W oh 4 
great deal of attention has been devoted to the growth of tomatoes. 
prevalent idea that the tomato will not stand heavy manuring, but Mr 50 
says this is true only of the crop after the fruit has set. In the early stas®. 
development, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash may be liberally SUPP |, 
with advantage, but after the fruit has set manuring with farmyard man fruit. 
other stimulating fertilisers delays the development and ripening of the p) 
A good manure, he says, is made up as follows: 2 parts of nitrate of 30h 
parts of bonemeal, 3 parts of kainit, and 4 parts of superphosphate. , 
mixture 1 oz. per square yard of soil may be applied weekly, from the me 
the plants are established till the fruit has set. Superphosphate has been 
to hasten the maturing of the fruit. 
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