surely to higher standards than in any 
other way, 
Educators as well as parents now 
recognize that to be a good teacher 
one must know how to impart knowl- 
edge as well as possess the informa- 
tion himself, and much time is now 
_ given to learning how to do this. 
When the Congress met 18 years 
ago, comparatively little attention 
had been given to protective legisla- 
tion for all phases of child welfare. 
In changing this condition the Na- 
tionat Congress of Mothers has 
wielded a mighty influence. 
The Congress did not originate the 
Juvenile Court and Probation sys- 
tem, but it saw its advantages and 
worked for years to establish the juve- 
nile court and probation system 
throughout this and other lands, con- 
ducting a systematic propaganda 
which wag successful in many places. 
_ Then by practical experience of 
mothers in the juvenile court, deten- 
tion houses instead of jails were pro- 
moted, and the placing of the proba- 
tion work on a foundation which 
required efficiency in child nurture as 
a qualification for such service be- 
came a feature of the Congress work. 
The breaking up of families 
through poverty or death or desertion 
of one parent next engaged the con- 
sideration of the Congress, and the 
movement for the Mothers’ pension 
‘was inaugurated and has been pro- 
moted with ever-increasing’ success. 
This has won the support of many 
thinking men and women, judges and 
legislatures and to the Congress is 
due the enactment of the law in some 
states, while in all states the Con- 
gress has given its support to the 
movement; which must eventually be- 
come a law in every state, Its ad- 
vantages in economy and efficiency 
have already been proved. 
There was no child labor committee 
in existence when the National Con- 
gress of Mothers inaugurated the 
movement to regulate the employ- 
ment of children in mines and fac- 
tories. The Congress of Mothers has 
always stood for wise regulation as to 
children’s occupation, but has never 
stood for the rigid prevention of all 
occupation for children, and has not 
always endorsed the legislation which 
has gone too far in prohibition of in- 
dividual freedom and initiative. 
The baby-saving work can only be 
done by mothers, for they are the 
ones who have the care of the babies, 
and only by interesting and educating 
them can the 300,000 infant deaths in 
the United States be reduced. 
The National Congress of Mothers 
maintains that this is an educational 
work and not a charity; that the only 
NORTH SHORE BREEZE 
way to interest mothers in it is to lift 
it out of the help to poor mothers, 
and place it on the broad basis of 
education for all mothers. 
No woman enjoys being classified 
as a poor mother, and naturally re- 
sents help designed for “the poor.” 
This has held back the work in many 
places. 
The Child Hygiene Department, 
after experiments as to methods that 
will be most efficient and far-reach- 
ing, hag formed plans of work for the 
coming year which should result in 
saving the lives of many babies. 
Write to the National office and 
learn how you can help. ‘The Child 
Hygiene Department has also con- 
ducted an active campaign for clean 
school houses, good school housekeep- 
ing, ventilation, and health of school 
children. 
The provision of reading for 
mothers and children led to the publi- 
cation of ‘‘Book Lists for Mothers’’ 
and ‘‘Book Lists for Children”’ 
which, with frequent revision, have 
gone through many editions. 
The many requests for advice from 
parents led to the publication of the 
pamphlet on Parents’ Duty To 
CHILDREN CONCERNING SEx, which 
has gone through many editions and 
is within the reach of everyone be- 
cause the cost is but ten cents. 
The National Congress of Mothers 
has for nearly eight years published 
CHiLp-WELFARE MacazINe, which 
covers a field not covered by any 
other publication and which has en- 
listed the valuable support of men 
and women who are leaders in child 
study and child-welfare work. It 
supplies programs for parents’ asso- 
ciations, and a wide outlook on con- 
ditions and needs of children. 
To further meet the educational 
demands on child nurture the Con- 
gress circulates a valuable list of loan 
papers for individual use for use of 
associations. 
The greatest publication of the 
National Congress of Mothers is. 
“PARENTS AND THEIR PROBLEMS,” 2n 
eight volumes. These books have 
been edited by Mrs. Mary H. Weeks, 
Vice-President of the Congress, and 
everything contained in them has 
been submitted to the Publication 
Committee for approval, The price 
has been made as low as possible, as 
the desire of the Congress is to give 
many homes the benefit of them. 
Every Parents’ association will 
find them valuable for the founda- 
tion of a circulating library. 
The National Congress of Mothers 
has established state branches in 
many states, all of which are credited 
with valuable child welfare work. 
* Bureau 
7 
The Congress has extended its in- 
fluence to all nations because, under 
the consecrated work for child and 
home, every child becomes an object 
of interest and regard as all are chil- 
dren of One Father. All are travel- 
ing by different paths to the eternal 
home. Cuba has organized a Nation- 
al Congress of Mothers; Argentina 
is preparing to carry out the work on 
the plan of the United States. 
Two International Congresses on 
Child-Welfare have been held in 
Washington with the co-operation of 
the Department of State and the 
President of the United States. In- 
vitations to every nation have been 
sent. 
The Third International Congress 
on the Welfare of the Child will meet 
in Washington April 22-27, I9I4. 
The Department of State again aided 
the Congress in the invitation for all 
nations to participate. In addition 
to the annual national child-welfare 
conferences there have been annual 
child-welfare conferences in the ma- 
jority of states, while the local organ- 
izations have steadily grown in num- 
bers and in the respect and esteem 
of those who have seen their value. 
The Parent-T'eacher Association 
hag long passed its experimental 
stage. 
From educators everywhere the 
letters come asking the help of the 
Congress in organizing the associa- 
tions, and in providing programs for 
them. : 
The testimonials as to their help- 
fulness are given by hundreds, and 
the little pamphlet ‘‘How to Organ- 
ize Parent-Teacher Associations’’ 
has gone through many editions, for 
by its help any parent or teacher can 
form such an association. 
The officers of the National Con- 
gress of Mothers through the help of 
former President Roosevelt conferred 
with the heads of the different divi- 
sions in the Department of Agricul- 
ture and have received and given 
co-operation in the fine work of that 
department for country life, while 
Hon, Logan Waller Page is chairman 
of the Country Life Department. The 
establishment of the Children’s 
was a measure which was 
supported by the Congress and with 
which it has co-operated. 
The Congress has worked earnestly 
for years to secure the enlargement of 
the educational work of the Bureau 
of Education so that its help would 
be given to homes and parents as well 
as to schools and teachers. The 
Bureau has added several important 
divisions within the last two years, 
and one which will greatly strengthen 
the opportunity of parents is the 
