10 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. {1 Jaw., 1902. 
plant food. You will now naturally ask: ‘‘Why must the compost heap be: 
turned over frequently ?”” The object of turning it over is to secure fermenta- 
tion. Every time you fork it over, a new fermentation sets in, and the con- 
tents are exposed to the influences of the air. Remember, I am telling you 
now about garden work—not field work. The compost heap is for the 
garden. More rough methods are used for the field; in fact, it would not pay 
a farmer to waste time over such highly refined manure. 
In vegetable gardening you want to get plenty of humus into the soil. 
There is no absolute need of any roratron so long as the iand is kept in good 
heart. You can try a little artificial manure now and then just by way of 
experiment. 
I have given you this little chapter on gardening for the purpose of 
affording you a means of carrying out the instructions alréady given, and that 
which is to come. 
Questions on Lesson 10. 
1. Having chosen your ground for a market garden and fenced it, what is. 
the first thing to be done? 
2. What implements are required ? 
3. Why should you lay out your garden in long narrow beds ? 
4. Describe the method of raising a crop of cabbages, cauliflowers, beet-- 
root, onions, &e. 
5. Distinguish between crops which require transplanting and those which 
may be sown on permanent beds. 
6. How should cucumbers, melons, and pumpkins be sown ? 
7. What precautions must be observed in planting out cabbages and cauli- 
flowers, and in treating beans, peas, turnips, &c. 
8. Describe the method of growing celery. How would you blanch it ? 
9. When vegetables are ripe what is to be done with them to ensure: 
further crops ? 
10. What is a compost heap? How would you make one? 
A THRIVING SETTLEMENT—LO WOOD. 
Amongst the many pretty and thriving agricultural townships of Queens- 
land may be included the village of Lowood, which is picturesquely situated on 
the eastern slope of the Rosewood Scrub. It overlooks a wide stretch of fine 
agricultural and pastoral land as far as the banks of the Upper Brisbane River, 
and received its first'impetus about fourteen or fifteen years ago as the result 
of the construction of the branch railway line from Ipswich to Esk, the terminus. 
of the first section of the line. 
At Lowood and in the immediate neighbourhood, which includes Tarampa 
and Minden, there is a population of about 2,000 persons, and some 800 are 
settled within a radius of 2 miles. The average area of the agricultural farms 
is 80 acres, and, judging by appearances, all the farmers appear to be in very 
comfortable circumstances. 
The dairying industry is a very important one here, and is expanding 
rapidly. Consequently with dairying, pig-raising is on the increase. Regular 
consignments of pigs are made every Saturday to Brisbane, the animals being 
sent in to auction by the farmers on Fridays. The usual crops are grown, such 
as maize, potatoes, onions, lucerne, and other greenfodder. Very large consign- 
ments are made every day of these articles of produce, as much as 500 bags of 
maize being despatched in one day. 
Poultry are not neglected, as may be inferred from the fact that 1,000: 
dozens of eggs are sent away weekly. 
Every month three cattle sales are held, and large cattle-yards are now 
being built in the main street. ; 
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