1 Mar., 1902.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 189 
With regard to the manures most suitable to the different soils, farmyard 
manure, which contains all the elements required for the vine, should be used 
when obtainable, on clay soils and light sandy soils deficient in humus. It 
should not be used too fresh and it gives better results if accompanied by 
bonedust. Eight tons to the acre with 4 ewt. of bonemeal is a good manuring. 
It should be ploughed in and not left on the surface of the soil. 
It is not the writer's intention to recommend any particular formula of 
chemical manures, for when this is done it invariably happens that a host of 
partisans of other formulas rise up to smite him hip and thigh. It will be 
sufficient to show how much of each element is required and which fertilisers 
are best suited for a given quantity of soil. 
Muntz’s estimation of the amount of each element removed by an average 
crop of grapes, &e., is generally accepted as correct, viz.: 48 lb. of nitrogen, 
11-5 lb. of phosphoric acid, 38 Ib. of potash per acre. 
Now 100 lb. of sulphate of ammonia contains 20 lb. nitrogen 
100 lb. of dried blood i By 5, 55 
100 Ib. of refuse of wool, hair, horns, hide, &c. ,, oe a 
100 lb. of nitrate of soda = WS 5 * 
100 lb. of bonemeal 15 ,, phosphoric acid 
100 lb. of Thomas’ phosphate fi Ni op 5 
100 lb. of superphosphate alba - 
100 lb. of Australian potash 3) 25), potash 
100 lb. of kainit 24 S13 hae 
100 lb. of sulphate of potash ae 5 Oy ee 
100 lb. of muriate of potash - Cia a: 
It will be easy, therefore, for the vignerons to calculate the amount per 
acre required of any one or more of the above fertilisers to replace the loss in 
the soil, bearing in mind that the crops taken off in Queensland are frequently 
heavier than an average Huropean crop upon which Muntz’s calculation is 
‘based. It is not sufficient, however, to replace the precise amount of phosphorie 
acid lost; experience has proved that phosphates are dissolved in the soil with 
some difficulty, and to maintain the equilibrium the amount of phosphoric acid 
should be considerably increased, and that the proportion of nitrogen, phosphoric 
acid, and potash replaced should be as 100: 100: 75. Since soils vary as much 
in their physical conditions asin their compositions, it stands to reason that any 
one fertiliser is inappropriate for all soils. Some directions to the choice of 
fertilisers for each class of soil will therefore be advisable. 
Soils. | Nitrogen. Phosphoric Acid. Potash, 
| 
Heavy calcareous... } Nitrate of soda : 7) Sulphate of potash 
non-calcareous Dried blood ... ... | Superphosphate ... | Muriate of potash 
Farmyard manure with superphosphate for a complete manure. 
” 
Medium calcareous \ Dried blood ... ... | Superphosphate ... | Sulphate of potash 
nN non-caleareous J| Sulphate ammonia ...| Bonemeal ... ...| Muriate of potash 
Australian potash 
Farmyard manure with: bonemeal for complete manure. 
Light calcareous ... ... Dried blood ... ak io | Sulphate of potash 
| Refuse of wool, hide, | Superphosphate ... | Muriate of potash 
hair, horn, &c. 
Farmyard manure with superphosphate and ashes for complete manure. 
Tight non-calcarerous ... ; Dried blood ... ... | Thomas’ phosphate ... {| Kainit 
Refuse of wool, hide, aE Australian potash 
hair, horn, &c. 
Farmyard manure with Thomas’ phosphate and ashes for complete manure. 
