314 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. {1 May, 1902. — 
6rxH Lesson. 
THIRD STAGE. 
DratnaGe—Parr 2. 
Let us now suppose that you have, after carefully calculating the cost and 
the probable value of the work with respect to the increase in future cro 
decided that you will drain, if not all, some portion of your land, from which 
you are deriving little benefit owing to the water retained by the stiff subsoil. 
The first thing you must do is to find out what fall there is and of course 
the direction of the fall. 
Now, just think for a little, and try to show, without my telling you, on 
what part of the field shown in this illustration you would make a start. You 
say you would begin to dig your main drain at A, because it is the lowest part, 
and all the water from both sides must flow towards it. Very good. What 
must next be done? Suppose the main drain to be dug, all the lesser drains’ 
will start from it on either side. Remember that it is not a good plan to start 
the lesser drains at right angles to the main drain, because the current of water 
from the former can get away more quickly by travelling slightly in the same 
direction as that in the main drain, and if the latter is an open drain (not 
tiled) the incoming water would eventually came the epRoaHe wall of the 
drain. iierererebicr the lower end of the smaller drain make a bend for a few 
feet before entering the main drain in the direction of the fall, and do not let 
them enter the main drain opposite to each other. (See Fig. 2.) 
You must bear in mind that the large drain must always be deeper than 
those leading into it, say 1 foot deeper, because the outlets of the minor drains 
are liable to get choked with silt, green frogs, &e. How deep should the main 
drain be? Being placed at the lowest point of the farm it will haye to carry 
