16 
NORD SHORE -BRE WZAE 
that it was after the cotton gin was 
invented that Massachusetts and 
Rhode Island shipped their negroes 
to the South. Of all the races which 
settled this country of ours the negro 
was the only one “invited” here; all 
the others came unbidden, as inter- 
lopers. The enslavement of the negro 
was a national sin which demands a 
national expiation, said Mrs. Wood- 
bury. ‘Thomas Dixon has said there 
were only two ways of solving the col- 
ored problem: extermination and de- 
portation. ‘There are however 10,- 
000,000 negroes increasing at the rate 
of 350 every twenty-four hours in 
this country today. Hence it seems 
hardly feasible to attempt the exter- 
mination method. If we deport these 
10,000,000 negroes, we shall still have 
our difficulties, for since they are in- 
creasing at the rate of 350 every 24 
hours, if we send 1,000 in a ship, 
another cargo will have been supplied 
in 3 days. The other method of deal- 
ing with the negro problem (the one 
endorsed by John Temple Graves) is 
condensation. Mr. Graves would 
have the negroes put on a reservation 
-—and there are 10,000,000 of them, 
enough to populate the part of our 
country west of the Mississippi as 
densely as it is now populated as well 
as Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont 
and Rhode Island. Mrs. Woodbury, 
who is a strong champion of the 
negro cause, in speaking of Mr. 
Graves’ theory gave some _inter- 
esting data concerning, not only the 
number of half-breeds but of  full- 
blooded white men with Indian wives 
who are receiving land from the gov- 
ernment at the Indian reservation as 
North American Indians. If, as 
Thomas Dixon and John ‘Temple 
Graves believe, the white race and the 
black are antagonistic and can never 
live together in harmony, where shall 
we put the black man to keep out the 
white? Apropos of this Mrs. Wood- 
bury told of a brilliant young negro 
who dealt with the negro problem in 
his graduation essay. “You, who 
brought us here by force and kept us 
here by force,” he said, “now say that 
the black man must seek other shores, 
that the white man and the black 
man cannot live together in peace. 
Where shall we go? Where shall we 
go? If we go to the farthest bounds 
of Africa, we shall find the white 
man there, if we ascend to the heaven 
above we hope we shall find him there 
and if we descend to the realms below 
we know we shall find him there.’ 
One of Mrs. Woodbury’s most inter- 
esting reminiscences of the southern 
negroes was of a girl who attended a 
missionary school in Alabama. She 
afterwards taught a little negro 
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RAYMOND C. ALLEN 
Assoc. Mem. Am. Soc. C. E. 
CIVIL ENGINEER 
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Established 1897 
LEE’S BLOCK, MANCHESTER 
school back in the country where the 
pickanninies had never even seen the 
stars’ and stripes.. “The teacher, vale 
though she was ‘fifteen miles from a 
spool of cotton” made a flag out of 
the material at hand. A salt sack was 
the foundation, blue calico stars (five 
of them and very irregular) were 
fashioned from the bib of her only 
apron and bright pink strips cut from 
a petticoat made the stripes. Mrs. 
Woodbury had the flag with her and 
it was surely a sorry substitute for 
the flag which we may purchase for 
almost nothing in our city stores but 
with that flag the negro teacher 
taught her charges patriotism and 
loyalty. 
Mrs. Woodbury closed her address 
by telling a little of the life of the 
Cumberland mountain people. A 
great many of the details of: their 
home life and their schools she omit- 
ted because she gave the greater part 
of that at her talk here before the 
Woman’s club and many of the mem- 
bers were present. She did tell of one 
girl who came to the mission school 
at Granville, Tenn., from her home 
85 miles into the heart of the moun- 
tains. “Marthy’ became homesick 
and one night started to walk back 
to her home. Her brother was sent 
Member Boston Soc. C. E. 
TEL. 73-R and W 
after her and encouraged her to re- 
turn to the school. “Miss Noble,” — 
Martha said to the teacher, “Miss. 
Noble I was so homesick it seemed 
like I should die. Why, I’d give a 
hoss, I'd give a hoss for one good 
chaw of terbaccer.” Last year Mar- 
tha graduated, a comely, well educa- 
ted girl whom any one of us would 
be proud to have for a friend, a 
classmate or a daughter. A woman 
who had spent her life in the very 
depths of the Cumberland mountains — 
saw her first glass window when her 
son and daughter brought one home 
from their school. To the teacher 
who later visited her, the woman said, 
“It won’t h’ist but it lets in a mighty 
sight of light.” So it is with the no- 
ble work which Mrs, Woodbury and — 
others of her kind are doing, “it is 
letting in a mighty sight of light.” ; 
\ 
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