STATE GEOLOGIST. 163 
importance. The succession is as follows in the valley of Duck Creek at 
Macksburg : | 
. Shallow Oil sand (First sand worked). 
. 140-foot or First Cow Run sand. 
. Buell Run sand. 
300-foot sand = (?) Dunkard. 
Peaker sand. 
500-foot sand. 
Schramm sand = (?) 700-foot. 
. 800-foot sand — Second Cow Run. 
. Berea or Macksburg sand. 
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Sand No. 1 is of historic interest, since it was in this that the first oil 
was found in 1860. The formation is quite thin—5 to 6 feet—in the few 
wells in which it produces at present. It seems never to have produced 
beyond the valley of Duck Creek, and might well be termed a “‘stray’’, to 
use the suggestive name of the driller. 
Sand No. 2, or the 140-foot, is one of the best in the field. It was 
discovered very early and has been producing continuously, or nearly so, 
ever since. Its position is about 330 feet below the Macksburg or Meigs 
Creek coal, and nearly 100 feet below the Ames limestone. 
Sand No. 3, or the Buell Run, is of very little interest, and is found on 
a few farms only, as has already been stated. In fact it may properly be 
classed with the “strays.” 
Sand No. 4, or the 300-foot sand, is also of little interest. It has never 
been an important source of oil in this field. The sand may be the equiva- 
lent of the Dunkard of West Virginia. 
Sand No. 5, or the Peaker, has yielded some oil in and around Macks- 
burg. The first well in it was drilled on the Peaker lot, Macksburg, in 
1877. It is said to have started at 40 barrels and to have produced 16 bar- 
rels per day for three months, and then decreased until 1879, when it was 
abandoned. 
Sand No. 6, or the 500-foot, is one of the three important producers of 
the field. It lies about 730 feet below the Meigs Creek coal, and has a 
thickness that usually ranges from Io to 30 feet in the producing territory. 
Normally it is a soft, porous sandstone, but sometimes runs into a conglom- 
erate. It is more continuous in this field than the 140-foot sand, but occa- 
sionally disappears, its place being occupied by shales. As an oil producer 
it is long lived, but it cannot be said to surpass the 140-foot sand in this 
respect. 
Sands No. 7 and 8 never have been, nor are they now, important pro- 
ducers. Many years ago they yielded some oil in the valley of Duck Creek, 
but were long unproductive until the Schramm sand was found near War- 
