170 ANNUAL REPORT 
The thin seam of coal found 12 feet below the surface is the Pitts- 
burg. The interval between it and the First Cow Run sand is 312 feet, 
while at Macksburg it is 328 feet. At Macksburg the Salt-sand lies 527 
feet below the 140-foot sand, while at Cow Run the interval as shown in the 
above record is 820 feet. If the sands here are correctly named it shows 
a rapid thickening of the section to the southeast. However, the stratum 
called Salt-sand is insignificant in comparison with that found at Macks- 
burg, and it is quite certain that the heavy sand struck at 940 feet is the 
sand in question. This would make the interval 568 feet. — 
The Oil Sands.—As has already been said there are two producing 
sands, the interval between the two being about 400 feet. The upper or 
First sand frequently has.a thickness ranging from 30 to 35 feet. The 
top is fine and hard, and hence contains little oil. Immediately below, the 
rock is coarser and softer and here the oil is found. Generally a few feet 
of limestone are reported above the oil rock, but examination of the ma- 
terial shows it to be a sand. The lower or Second sand is thicker than 
the upper one, ranging frequently from 40 to 60 feet, but figures above 
and below these are found. Sometimes the sand is divided by from 6 to 
8 feet of slate, in which case the oil is found below the break. Generally 
the top of the rock is fine and hard, and frequently the pay lies im- 
mediately below. Outside of Cow run this formation is not easily recog- 
nized, and almost any sand lying from 100 to 500 feet below the First is 
called the Second by the driller. 
OTHER WELLS IN LAWRENCE TOWNSHIP. 
As might be expected the success along Cow run stimulated the 
driller in his search for oil in the surrounding territory, and as a result 
wells were drilled by the scores. While a small well has been found 
occasionally, the results have not compensated the operator for his time 
and money. 
In the northeast corner of the township in section 6, several shallow 
wells have been drilled; of these 3 were dry and 2 produced some gas, 
but are now abandoned. In section 5, immediately to the south, 2 wells 
are reported—a dry hole in the northeast quarter and a small producer 
near the middle of the section. One failure is reported in the northwest 
corner of section 4. 
On section 12, which joins 6 on the west, a half-dozen wells have 
been drilled, but since these belong to the small pool around Fifteen P. O. 
they will be considered in that connection. ‘Three dry holes have been 
drilled in the southeast corner of section 18, which joins 12 on the west. 
Along the streams in sections 16, 17 and 23 probably two scores of wells 
have been drilled. A few small producers have been secured, enough 
to encourage the driller. Two of these wells were deep, one on the Rath- 
bone farm 1650, and the other on the Britton 1800 feet. By far the 
