STATE GEOLOGIST. 175 
and this in all probability is found at all points along the territory. This 
arch is not conspicuous, and was detected by running levels from well to 
well. 
No complete logs of wells were secured, and the following is taken 
from White’s report to which reference has just been made. The well is 
No. 4, on Moore’s farm, in the valley, a short distance from the Ohio 
river : 
Thickness of Total 
formation. thickness. 
Feet. Feet. 
Unrecordede tet Sees ces Sk te ate cles 565 565 
PURSE OOD 1200 ISU: So dcooccoooe so MNe 23 588 
Wine CORd edges ace cereus She waste oes ous UBS Z 745 
Sand some asm Munikand:s) irr eerseice: 100 845 
Wintec Onde deer wee ec oenciere el ok tesaecs 90 935 
Second Cow Run Sand, strong gas ..... 15 950 
WINTECOnME Gress tie ink rete tee wo eo aloe 92 1,042 
Macksburg 800-Foot sand, some oil ..... 61 1,103 
WINE CON MC irene rarest tcrer eee ae aro oes oo ear os 282 1,385 
Big Injun Sand (water at 1,400 ft., filled 
up at 1,440 ft.), the bottom at...... 55) 1,440 
The thick sand struck at 745 feet, Professor White regards as the 
equivalent of the Cow Run or Dunkard sand of West Virginia. In other 
words the Cow Run sands of the two states are not stratigraphically 
equivalent—an important fact to remember. As has already been stated 
the First Cow Run sand in Ohio lies either on or a short distance above 
the Cambridge limestone in the Conemaugh formation or Lower Barren 
Coal Measures, while according to White, the Cow Run or Dunkard sand 
of West Virginia lies just above the Upper Freeport (No. 7) coal and 
hence makes the basal member of the Conemaugh formation. This sand 
is known as the Mahoning, and in the Hocking Valley coal fields lies 
directly below or very close to the Cambridge limestone. Since in the 
well record just given the sand lies 157 feet below the First Cow Run it 
seems clear that it cannot be the equivalent of the Mahoning. In this 
state the latter formation is finely shown along the valley of Sunday Creek 
MM weniyacounty.awhiererit 1s) quattied by the ©. & ©: ©. RoR. Under 
cover, however, it loses its character, and is commonly replaced by shales 
in whole or in part, and so cannot ordinarily be recognized by the driller.» 
The sand marked Second Cow Run is probably the Macksburg 500-foot, 
while that marked 800-foot appears to be the equivalent of the Second 
Cow Run. 
The Oil Sand.—As has been stated there are three producing sands 
in this pool. The First Cow Run is normal, so that what has been said of 
it in other fields applies equally well here. Ten well records on the Moore 
farm show an average thickness of 23 feet, but in other places it is much 
1Geol. Sur. of West Va., Vol. I, p. 201-2. 
