aes 
aA = 
rely 
STATE GEOLOGIST. 143 
COST OF PLAIN CONCRETE FOOTINGS. 
IDCANCM, Lily CMG Wels, Ghe oS 4) Goodcedaboauccsono $ 5.75 
Concrevem 205, cupits. BW phe sOmes chests eco mtercivonis™ trolamis ot 41.00 
PRO LALS COS tayaeeee rae tk peietae See yaa a rede a taal nes oer Ba) es, Niet Jon) $46.75 
COST OF CORRUGATED BAR FOOTINGS. 
IDDCOLW MOM. “2; Cus WGI, EWES Docs Seouccue one duoodous 5 3.75 
Concrete 10 2G Ue ewaite ues 0 merce on tei ecco inoue tl uanose te 20.40 
(CLOT URENSGl LOMAS, G4 MWe; Bie O4IBS ooloocadouunaeuboeuouee * 11.46 
Extras Colum@nelenethees cali) Sema tabi Ost/oprerseer tic a ernie 2.98 
TOCA COS Urea rc an eymacie pee reteset psi ine wits © Re ac otci ap reai ee $38.59 
A saving of nearly 17% per cent. in cost. The percentage of saving 
increases rapidly as the size of the footings increase. | 
WALLS. 
To have partition walls that are solid, fire proof, economical of space, 
and poor conductors of sound is one of the requisites of a modern office 
building. It is useless expense to construct any but ideal walls when so 
many good structural forms are available. 
While visiting the Pacific Coast Borax Company’s works, at Bayonne, 
N. J., in the summer of 1902, the writer was shown the partition walls 
which withstood the destructive fire that occurred in that building a few 
months before. The walls were of Ransome steel concrete three inches 
thick. To illustrate the strength of the wall the superintendent picked up 
a large wooden maul and swinging it at full arm’s length, gave the wall 
repeated blows with all the force he could command. The wall vibrated 
slightly, but no other effect was produced. 
FLOORS. 
In all large cities, architects, owners, and building departments are 
striving to attain perfection in fire proof buildings. Attention is es- 
pecially being directed toward construction that will confine fires to the 
rooms in which they begin. Fire proof walls should be accompanied with 
fire proof floors, stairways and elevator shafts. The old method of arch- 
ing brick or massive concrete between steel I-beams is too cumbersome. 
Such floors are very heavy, adding to the weight which must be sustained 
by the floor beams, columns and foundations. They are not entirely satis- 
factory when it comes to severe fire tests, for the under sides of the steel 
I-beams are exposed to the heat of the fire and are soon warped out of 
shape, destroying the floor and allowing the fire to sweep upward through 
the entire building. 
