STATE GEOLOGIST. 189 
CHAPTER V. 
SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONCRETE MATERIALS. 
In the following pages the effort has been made to show what safe- 
cuards may be thrown around the use of cement for the numerous class of 
structures which have been described in the foregoing chapters. It will 
be, of course, undertsood, that the framing of specifications for a piece of 
work of great importance where either large sums of money or human life 
is involved in any failure of the structure as in dams, bridges, floors, etc., 
is a work which properly belongs to the trained engineer and to him alone. 
Each piece of work of this sort must be made a special study and take 
into consideration all the local and unusual features of the case as well as 
considerations based on the normal qualities of the materials. 
But there are a very large class of uses of less importance, where 
no such results depend, and there is no reason why the architect, con- 
tractor, builder, owner and in fact any person of intelligence, but devoid 
of engineering training, may not with safety and satisfaction to himself, 
prescribe the conditions under which the cement structure shall be built. 
Accordingly a number of specification forms which have been pre- 
pared by skilled engineers and cement users, are here reproduced in order 
to serve as models upon which others may draw their contracts. 
CEMENT. | 
The cement may be of any brand of American or foreign Portland 
cement which will meet the requirements of these specifications. 
Condition of Delivery.—It must be delivered in original packages 
labeled with the brand and the name of the manufacturer. ‘These pack- 
ages may be either barrels or bags, but must be well protected in either 
case from air and moisture. Any broken packages may be rejected or 
used at the option of the engineer in charge of the work. 
Time of Delivery. —The contractor shall furnish the cement upon 
the work at least ten days before it is to be used, in order that time may be 
given to make the necessary tests. 
Housing. —It shall be stored in dry, well ventilated buildings for 
work of any magnitude; and for work of less importance it shall be safely 
stored and protected from moisture in any form. 
