300 ANNUAL REPORT 
These figures show clearly the enormous waste of heat in the chimney 
gases. With the gases leaving at 1500° F. the available heat is reduced 
nearly 30 per cent, while if it left at 4oo° F. the loss would be only 7 
per cent. The heat thus carried away is 413,918 B. T. U. per barrel, or 
each rotary kiln could produce from its waste heat 130 horsepower. 
Prof. Joseph W. Richards * made a most thorough examination of 
a rotary kiln, burning a cement rock and limestone mixture in the dry .- 
state and using I10 pounds of West Virginia coal per barrel. The 
amount of clinker produced was 3,635 pounds per hour from 5,980 pounds 
of mixture, resulting in 200 pounds of flue dust or 3.35 per cent. of the 
weight of mixture charged. The temperature of the clinker as measured 
by the Chatelier pyrometer was 1200° C., 2192°F. The temperature of 
the waste gases in the chimney was 820° C.=1508° F. ‘The sensible heat 
of the clinker was 290 calories per kilo. On analysis the composition of 
the waste gases was found to be: 
Per cent by 
_ volume. 
Carbon dioxide nee Sse nas er eee 10), 
ORY OEM ccrer ey helen hes cone ae scenes ie ne men ae ae RS 
Carbonsmonoxid Caannneeeeteen iaes 0.2 
Sulphursdioxid ee enmscs ee enteric iee: 
Waters tia inch eee Ale eae nie a ca a ea Not determined. 
INMMIG GET ee Ree ee ee ene eee eae 
Atmospheric temperature 20° C. The heat balance of the kiln was 
now calculated to be: 
Heat Generation. 
i bheoreticalvheatings powemot tuelasre eee Pea inerorna 790,009 
2. Heat of combination of ingredients forming clinker......... 142,819 
932,819 
Heat Consumption. 
Items of Distribution. Calories. | Percentage 
of whole. 
lmeblecatpinetheshotachinken wpe eee eee soogol LOWED NOR 
2. Heat in chimney gases— 
a, In the excess of airadmitted........... BABOOO) | sos sce 36.0 
b, In the neccessary products.....:....... 340,000 | 676,000 | 36.1 
O: Lieat: in ue) MUStr ances ron REA Ue ne rCen eee YMNU On2 
AM ALOSSubyaimperiecti combustion arr wienie ie erase 12,248 i s3} 
5. Evaporation of water charge............... eee 1,446 0.2 
6. Expulsion of carbon dioxide from ecarbonates....... 21,628 2.3 
Je WOsssby, radtationsandsconduchione erm ere rete ae 119,335 128 
Total. ...| 932,819 100 
*“ Jour. Amer. Chemical Soc.” Jany., 1904. 
