al <7) 
STATE GEOLOGIST. 333 
hoisted and dumped into three large, double Dietzsch shaft kilns, where 
they are burnt to vitrification. The clinker is crushed in an Aultman 
reducer and ground in ball and tube mills. Packing machines are used. 
The chemical and physical laboratories are exceedingly fine and well 
equipped. 
Extensive changes have recently been made in the plant, bringing in 
the most modern features. 
In Logan county there are two plants, one the old established: works 
of the Buckeye Portland Cement Co. at Harper, the other a newer con- 
cern, the Alta Portland Cement Co., at Rushsylvania. The Buckeye 
works represent a gradual growth from the German type of plant to 
the new American method. I‘irst, a double Dietzsch kiln was used, to 
which later were added four continuous shaft kilns patterned after the 
kiln designed by Candlot, France, and still later rotary kilns were in- 
stalled. The raw materials are a fine grained marl and very fine glacial 
clay. Two methods were employed when the writer visited the plant, 
one supplying bricks to the shaft kilns by blending the clay and marl in 
a wet pan and making the bricks on an auger machine, which are then 
dried and taken to the kiln, and the other producing slurry for the rotaries 
by grinding in a wet grinder. ‘The slurry is pumped into storage tanks, 
kept agitated, and from these to the rotaries. The clinker is crushed by 
roller crackers and finished in part by mill stones and partly by tube 
mills. At one time producer gas was used for burning one rotary kiln, 
which was a success, but not as economical as coal dust firing. This 
plant recently has undergone further changes and has received many 
new features. The marl is dredged and hauled to the factory in tram 
cars. 
The works of the Alta Portland Cement Co. are but two miles 
distant from the Buckeye plant and practically the same raw materials 
are worked, which are hauled by a steam locomotive in iron dump cars. 
The slurry process is used, the grinding being done in two tube mills 
which feed two rotary kilns. Storage tanks provide for a good reserve 
stock of ground raw material. The clinker is ground in ball and tube 
mills and the coal by an ero pulverizer. The cement stock house con- 
sists of three stories, the cement gradually falling from one story to 
the other, thus giving it a better chance to cure. At this plant the raw 
materials are dug by hand. The capacity 1s about 300 barrels per day, 
the available power being 300 horsepower. 
At Wellston there are also two plants, the Alma Cement Co. and 
the Lehigh Portland Cement Co., formerly the Wellston Portland Cement 
Co. The first, destroyed by fire several years ago, has been rebuilt with 
the most modern improvements. The accompanying plan of this mill 
shows the arrangement of the machinery and kilns and hence needs no 
description. The dry process is used; the raw materials are limestone, 
