COLUMBIANA COUNTY. | 91 
cultivation of fruit, and in the northern and eastern portions. many 
thousands of acres are occupied with orchards of peach and apple trees, 
of which the abundant yield finds a ready market among the inhabit- 
ants of the more northern counties. 
The highest /ands in Columbiana county are found in the north-western 
corner, where the summit of the great divide is reached. The drainage 
from this district is—west into the Tuscarawas by the Sandy, north 
through the branches of the Mahoning, and south to the Ohio by the 
Little Beaver and Yellow Creek. In this region many of the hill-tops 
rise to the height of more than seven hundred feet above Lake Erie. 
The highest point in Columbiana county, measured by the Geological 
Corps, is ““Round Knob,” in Madison township. This, as indicated by a 
a single observation with the aneroid barometer, is cight hundred and 
forty-four feet above Lake Erie, and seyen hundred and fifty-four feet 
above the Ohio at Wellsville, the lowest: point in the county. The 
diversity of level which is exhibited in the county will be seen from the 
following table: 
ALTITUDES IN COLUMBIANA COUNTY. 
Round Knob (above D BPN Eee Ns) Da a SS) Ve ys ak a ee a aN ae ee es Ah Ue Ou 844 
Wellsville a me APY a iy Sa nL YL, UG eA Sy ee oa STORE RS 115 
Liverpool CITE PU To a eRe aoe A en Da gy 120 
Salineville BASS REN Pa MA ek CG PD OI is AN eer Ml 306 
Yellow Creek Summit “ se a OE ON ee eR Le RIB 
Sandy Summit cf REP Narayana pel Maly sty ROLL ALS cs Nn ML erase le cena spe Oa hee 
Mahoning Summit Nay remote mn catty nate Se Ate AL) ved ra coos aN Ln a ar 627 
Salem PUL aca en cP ca Ee aa EN esc SA a RR 620 
Leetonia R. R. crossing ‘‘ MEER i feces EPL Fet anaes oie Us tut stsiad veers AAD 
Columbiana, SOR Me McA, eA PU ee ANDRA yh Se Lae ER EIR E S 555 
Palestine SUT IVFH  HOL eses DR Ra DIG LL AG Tale eR 455 
‘New Lisbon HOGG AP adh beaks Aa RMR i are Rap te Ba PUT ilo ane ch Ra 393 
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE. 
The rocks which immediately underlie the surface in Columbiana 
county are all portions of the Carboniferous system, and include not only 
the entire group of the lower Coal Measures, but, in the high lands, some 
portion of the Barren Measures. 
The dip of all the rocks of the county is toward the south-east, about 
with the flow of the streams in the lower half of their courses. Hence 
in the valley of the Little Beaver, between New Lisbon and Glasgow, 
although the fall of the stream is three hundred and two feet, the strata 
exposed are the same all the way, and, with occasional waves, by which 
they are raised or depressed, they hold nearly the same relative level. 
Ps 
