GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 107 
In the eastern part of Hanover township the summit of the divide is _ 
occupied by the highly colored shales of the Barren Measures, beneath 
which are seen, near Gilford, Coals No. 7 and No. 6, occupying their 
normal positions. 
New Lisbon and Vicinity.—Passing over into the valley of the Middle 
Fork of the Little Beaver, we find, above New Lisbon, in the southern 
portion of Salem township, Coal No. 6 attaining, in some localities, a 
thickness of from six to seven feet, as on the Shelton, Arter, and Teegar- 
den farms. On the Martin farm Coals No. 6 and No. 7 are both exposed 
in the same section. No.7 is here but two feet in thickness, but very 
pure. Coal No. 6 lies sixty feet below it, and is four feet in thickness, 
having its typical character. At Teegarden’s mill the valley is cut 
lower. The limestone under Coal No. 6 is here exposed in the hillside, 
and Coal No. 5 is seen in the bed of the stream. 
Further down the creek Coal No. 4 is cut through, here consisting 
- mainly of a mass of black shale containing a large amount of nodular 
ore, and eight inches of coal. Below it, near the level of the creek, is a 
bed of blue limestone, and under it Coal No. 3. This has been quite ex- 
tensively worked by Mr. C. H. Andrews, and shipped to Niles for use in 
the rolling-mills, and also largely manufactured into coke on the spot. 
It is here three feet and a half thick, highly bituminous, and contain- 
ing considerable sulphur. The fire-clay beneath it is six to eight feet 
thick, and is worked for the manufacture of fire-brick. 
Above the black shale which incloses Coal No. 4, an earthy limestone 
is found, which is, perhaps, the eastern extension of the Putnam Hill 
limestone, so largely developed in the Tuscarawas Valley. Above this a 
trace of coal (No. 5?) is seen, nearly cut out by sandstone. Still higher 
in the hills is found the white limestone—the Freeport limestone of 
Pennsylvania—here four to six feet in thickness, of a light color, as its 
name implies, and furnishing a much whiter lime than most of the Coal 
Measure limestones. | | 
From this point to New Lisbon, and below, the walls of the valley are 
made up essentially of the same elements. The stream runs upon the 
_ sandstone, which lies below Coal No. 3. 
Coal No. 3 has been opened at a great number of localities, and in 
former years was extensively worked. On the north side of the stream 
it varies in thickness from three to four feet, and is of fair quality. On 
the south side it is thinner, and over a considerable area seems to have 
nearly run out. As usual, the shales above the limestone over No. 3 con- 
tain much nodular iron ore, ané large quantities of it have been dug from 
the alluvial lands bordering the creek, where it has been left in the 
erosion of the valley. 
