COLUMBIANA COUNTY. 113 
EXD ne LN 
2. Massive sandstone, fine conglomerate (Mahoning).........---- 6 to 75 0 
Bo. ISMMUhy SALA, TH OEE WINNING Soe Bee Seek GAS kad denesuineadososee 6 0 
4. Coal, soft and sulphurous, with parting fem inches from bottom 
ON@S B) SESE SEISNE DESAI Sete Ge Pa ai So IE GI Gy Ls se 4 0 
Sane Cl Aiyaretnareatctaerlcle bette cyte ale alae 6 Sees F ar seRAS AMIS ele aiee 4 0 
6. Limestone ..... NAAR A Ose EEE od eek ca Dis eS fea ee ei ta mW) 
7. Interval, with some outcrops of shale and sandstone, said to con- 
tain non-plastic clay eight feet thick.......--....-.-.. -......- 125 0 
SHSM TL CivaGll eh Ohare layers rata ets weiayerioiec sua Mii wel Ne ot ee a 10 0 
9. Block coal (strip vein), good for blacksmiths’ use (No. 4)....-..---. 2 0 
HOS SINANS GUNG CENT Ls GSS BOS ASO Ree Be BOE se BE AIRE ey Celen rashes ie eee er 15 0 
ie Cole cclayaseamy(Creeky Vel). NOn3, Very, SU) pPIMNUTOUSHsee)= sete a ne 6 
Peal O 2 Uv mone tape leas oni ws cer fer, Inia S ceaje c acislcwreysiaieieta cameleon eae 8 to 10 0 
ISM OaMMelcOalaere Morte diy sen sacha ch ee se cm eels anisole sineuvn ci ft NEE 1 6 
ARES LOO RCOV ELE (haUON DEV Clases trees cist nlavavea a abe wialel aie av etevare ne Sia) eis eres o 75 0 
The bed of the river is here sandstone, reported to contain a thin coal; 
and it is also reported that a thick seam of coul was here passed in 
boring at one hundred and forty feet below the surface of the Obio, or 
one hundred and ninety to one hundred and ninety-five feet below the 
railroad. Too much confidence should not be placed in the accuracy of 
this statement, but it is quite certain that a coal seam, of workable 
thickness, was passed through at about the depth specified, in some of 
the oil wells bored at Smith’s Ferry. Asa general rule, those who bored 
for oil profess to have met with no coal, but their testimony is of little 
value, since the boring was usually done with a rope, no attention being 
given to the character of the strata passed through, and nothing having 
any value in the eyes of the operator but the oil, which was the special 
object of search. It is quite possible, too, that the lower seam is as irreg- 
ular here as elsewhere, and that it is thin or wanting over a large part 
of the territory which has been bored for oil. 
The clay under No. 3 has been opened near Smith’s Ferry for the man- 
ufacture of fire-brick, but the enterprise is now at a standstill. The 
“block coa]” (No. 4) has been mined, and is used in several places be- 
tween Smith’s Ferry and Liverpool. It is said to be of excellent quality, 
as it is, indeed, along all its line of outcrop, down to the mouth of Yellow 
Creek, and up the valley of that stream to Irondale. 
In the valley of Dry Run, and that of Little Beaver, near its mouth, 
the sections of the coal strata are not fully exposed; but the shales, coal 
seams, and fire-clay seem to be largely replaced by beds of sandstone, the 
products of rapid currents of water, which cut away the softer materials, 
and left barren masses of sand in their places. 
In the section taken at Harrison’s pottery, one mile east of Liverpool, 
8 
