148 GEOGOLY OF OHIO. 
sandstone, and fire-clay, with a little coal, but do not reach to the place of 
Coal No. 1. 
These explorations indicate that the upper coals are not likely to be 
found in any valuable development in the township of Edinburgh. It 
is to be hoped, however, that under this broad and elevated table-land the 
lower coal will be somewhere found of workable thickness. 
Passing south from Edinburgh the land continues high, and, the sur- 
face nowhere comes nearer than one hundred and fifty feet to Coal No. 1; 
while in some instances it rises to such a height that the coal must be 
from two hundred to two hundred and fifty feet beneath. 
In Atwater much boring has been done, and coal found, which has 
been opened both by shaft and adit. The explorations made here were 
undertaken on the supposition that the coal, of which outcrops had been 
known, was the Briar Hill seam. This was, however, an error, and there 
can be no question that it is Coal No. 4. The place of Coal No. 1 is far 
below the bottom of the Atwater shaft, and probably below the bottom of 
the deepest well bored in the vicinity. The coal mined at Atwater is of 
good thickness—from four to five feet—but it exhibits the usual charac- 
teristics of the limestone seams, being of irregular thickness and vari- 
able quality. It is a serviceable fuel for the generation of steam, and is 
a pleasant grate-coal, but from the quantity of sulphur it contains is not 
well adapted to the manufacture of iron. The following analyses of this 
coal, made at the School of Mines by Mr. W. P. Jenney, will indicate 
very fairly its composition. No. 1, upper bench; No. 2, lower bench : 
INO, I. No. 2. 
D TAVAEe WEN gh att ee fg Ra tae eee eye Fp wie NA niyo ete ey A Mya Ais rate Pai Ay SS 3.20 3.03 
Volatile combustible matter ...---. ..-.-.-----------.----- 26.06 26.42 
UK OCMC ARDO Ms cee cic c es aye rer eee teteper ts tee Payee ae Bitheak pss ay 64050 62.50 
Stl plus, SMES RS Se ara toie ea cmrenetornstimten cee ean rapa a storeseraeeye 1.52 2.20 
NS Cees eta eed ok os Panne arene Stennis Moen Maple nt ean Ni iog res wi ret 4.65 5.72 
otal sys seis eie eee eee ee ee oe Re ae ees 100.00 99.97 
At the shaft of the Atwater Coal Company the coal is from four to five 
feet in thickness, in two benches, separated by a bony parting. It is 
overlain by black shale, which contains many discoid shells (Discina). 
‘In the shale above is considerable granular iron ore, but not of very good 
quality. The shale is succeeded by sandstone, as in all this region. 
The coal is opened by an adit, half a mile east, on lower ground. 
On John Hines’s farm, one and a half miles south-east from Atwater 
Center, a shaft has been sunk to Coal No. 4, passing through—1, surface 
clay ; 2, sandstone; 3, black and gray shale; 4, black shale; 5, coal. 
Coal is here four feet six inches in thickness, and, according to barome- 
