CARROLL COUNTY. 179 
the west they are carried off by Sandy Creek and the Conotton, which 
empty into the Tuscarawas. Springs are numerous, and yield an ample 
supply of good water for domestic purposes. 
The larger portion of the land is under cultivation, and little remains 
in wood. The more common trees are white and red oak, pig-nut and 
-shell-bark hickory, black walnut, elm, tulip-tree, locust, and sugar-maple, 
with some beeches and wild cherry, and very few of the cone-bearing 
trees. The number of species and their character show that, though 
thin, the soil is capable of supporting a vigorous growth. 
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE. 
Diligent examination was made to determine the presence or absence 
of true drift, but as none was found, excepting a few doubtful specimens 
in the north-east, it is probable that the boundary line of drift influence 
lies to the north or north-east of the county. The bottom lands of the 
Conotton and of Sandy Creek being made up of sand, show the mode of 
deposition very prettily, exhibiting lines of stratification and the posi- 
tion of eddies. In the Sandy Creek “bottom,” not far from Waynesburg, 
Mr. Daniel Wagner has found two teeth of Mastodon, of large size and 
nearly perfect, weighing together fifteen pounds. 
While making a series of borings for coal, near the village of Magnolia, 
Mr. John Young discovered that the course of Sandy Creek has been 
changed, for in one boring he passed through ninety feet of gravel and 
other transported material without reaching any consolidated rock. How 
much deeper the deposit extends is not known, as, unfortunately, the 
boring was stopped at that depth. Judging, however, from what has 
_ been ascertained in Tuscarawas county respecting the Tuscarawas River, 
it is probable that Sandy Creek at one time flowed at a level not less than 
one hundred feet below that of its present bed, and that the valley was 
gradually filled up by transported material to conform to the changing 
relative level. 
The consolidated rocks of the county belong exclusively to the Barren 
and Lower Coal Groups. It is possible that the Pittsburgh coal crosses the 
line from Harrison county into London township, but it was not ob- 
served. Lying, as Carroll county does, on the border of the Barren Group, 
which probably extended originally to but a short distance further north-. 
west, the relations between the strata of this group as here displayed are 
somewhat obscure, the intervals varying in the most perplexing manner. 
For this reason no county section can be given which would be of any 
practical value. 
Near Perrysville, in Perry township, and at two localities in the south- 
