HOCKING VALLEY. , 661 
the owners to continue operations and to introduce their coal into nearly 
all the markets to the north anu west, while no inccnsiderable! quantity 
found its way to Baltimore and New York. But the most important 
result is the demonstration that in facilities for iron-making the owners 
of these lands are substantially independent of tariffs and of panics. 
There is really no danger that the price of iron will become so low that 
it can not be here manufactured at a profit. 
THE MOXAHALA OR UPPER SUNDAY CREEK REGION. 
The Upper Sunday Creek region is separated from the rest of the Great 
Vein field by a formidable barrier, viz., the bed of an ancient water- > 
course which flowed through the old Carboniferous marshes in the ages 
immediately suceeeding the subsidence which covered the Great Vein 
with argillaceous mud, since consolidated intoshale. This stream came 
from the north along a line midway between Buckingham and Shawnee, 
its precise location being in some places yet undetermined, but passing 
under Priest’s Branch and along the valley where is now the little village 
of Hemlock, and trending eastward it followed nearly the line which 
now separates Perry and Athens counties. It cut away the shales above 
the Great Vein, and, in places, the whole thickness of the coal; in others 
it left a part of the coal varying from a few inches up to the normal 
thickness, and gradually filled the excavation with coarse material now 
consolidated into sand rock. This channel invades the eastern part of 
the Newark Coal Company’s property at Shawnee, but left the greater 
part of the coal undisturbed. It thinned down that on the western part 
of the “Carbon Hill” property in the Moxahala region; left a thin body 
of coal at the point now worked at Hemlock, and a little to the east of 
this probably cut it all away. 
An expensive experiment has determined more accurately its course 
and extent after striking the north line of Salt Lick township. Borings 
have been made through the horizon of this coal at the following named 
places, and with the following disclosures : 
In Section 36, Salt Lick township, at south-west corner, the coal is 
thirty-five feet from the surface and two feet four inches thick; near the 
south-east corner of the lot it is at the same depth and two and one-half 
feet thick ; near the center of Section 31, Monroe township, it is entirely 
wanting; at the south-east corner of the same section the first coal struck 
is six inches thick, and is found sixty-four feet two inches from the sur. 
face and covered with forty-two feet six inches of sand rock, whieh occu- 
pies the place of the Great Vein, the channel here extending some twenty- 
five feet below this coal and cutting away the upper part of the Lower’ 
Moxahala coal. In the north-west corner of Section 36, Trimble town- 
