722 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
insufficient cover, and is consequently soft. South of the Pittsburgh, 
Cincinnati and St. Louis Railroad, it is usually from five to six feet in 
thickness in two or three benches. Prof. Stevenson mentions one local- 
ity in Warren township, in the mine of Mr. J. C. Pickens, where the 
coal is in four benches, as follows: 
LovRool.coal. ..2 eo) Joke Sale hols aw san eee cee eet tO eetionnehes: 
2 Clay, partiniy 2200 8c. cule el ae Wer nen ie ne 
SN CO al rie wish oe WEN Lee me HA ON ase NN oN eas Suede bike aren Oo DOG. 5 GE 
Ch CER ANDO eee ONO Seba Ha ObIOa As OA CODA Good Gacaoddast 6 Qh. Ss 
Bob CO ale He A sees eka SS ae A AS ER ae iL OS. & UC 
6. Parting.. SEIS STEARNS SUS Speen eich ca elem te er ee Dass 
a, Coal. raya Raa nme i 42 Aes ESSoNG ss 
And in Wells b Maenshipy® at the mine of Mr. Edwards, the proprietor 
reports the coal to consist of two benches, each Bie feet in thickness, 
separated by a clay parting of one feet. 
In quality the coal of No. 8 is more uniform than in structure and 
thickness. It is everywhere a coking coal, and in many localities can 
hardly be distinguished from that mined at Pittsburgh. It varies, how- 
ever, considerably in the quantity of sulphur it contains. In some 
places one of the benches is thickly set with balls or lenticular masses 
of pyrites, which if permitted to remain in the coal would very much 
impair its value. They are, however, easily separated in mining, and 
almost everywhere a good coking and steam coal may be produced from 
this seam. In a few places, also, it is pure enough to be used for the 
manufacture of gas. 
The best exposures of Coal No. 8 in Jefferson county are along the 
Ohio River, near Tiltonville, and in the valleys of Short Creek and Rush 
Run. Here itis generally from four to six feet in thickness, and lies at 
a level about half way between the surface of the river and the summits 
of the hills in the interior. It therefore exhibits continuous lines of out- 
crop for several miles up those streams, and when they shall be traversed 
by railroads, coal can be mined and shipped here with great facility. 
It has been remarked above that the limestones associated with No. 8 
thin out toward the north. In Knox township, where the coal and lime- 
stones are last seen, the limestone beneath the coal is two and a half 
feet in thickness, the one above it entirely wanting. At Wintersville 
the overlying limestone is reported to be five feet in thickness, that below 
it six feet, the coal from four to four and a half feet thick. In Belmont 
county and about Wheeling the upper limestone is from thirty to seventy 
feet in thickness, the lower from four to thirty feet. The mines where 
Coal No. 8 is worked in Jefferson county will be enumerated and described 
further on. 
