MAHONING COUNTY. | SE 
ules. The limestone over Coal No. 3 is extensively quarried by Mr. H. 
C. Bowman, on the land of Curtis Beardsley, in the northwestern part 
of Canfield. It is shipped to Leetonia for use as a flux in the furnace. 
Coat No. 30, 
From forty to fifty feet above Coal No. 3—the interval being occupied 
by limestone, shales, and sometimes a band of sandstone—lies another 
seam of coal, and sometimes over it another limestone; this latter is, 
however, much less constant than the lower limestone. Coal No. 3a has 
been opened in many places in the county, but is very rarely worked at 
present, as it is generally of inferior quality. In Canfield, itappears on 
the lands of J. Bruce, and J. Kirk, in the northwestern part of thetown, 
on Infelt’s, Osborn’s and Swanton’s lands, in the eastern part; on the 
east side of Ellsworth, on the Kenninger and Dursman farms, etc.; it 1s, 
however, here soft and sulphurous, and the mines opened on it have 
been abandoned. In the southern tier of counties it is generally below 
drainage, but west of the Niles and New Lisbon Railroad, it outcrops in 
a few places, and in others has been reached by shafts. In all this 
region it is of workable thickness, sometimes four feet, but is much in- 
ferior to the next seam above it, which is that most mined. In the gorge 
at Lowellville, the second coal seam which is probably Coal No. 3a lies 
sixty feet above Coal No. 8. It is here about eighteen inches thick. 
On the north side of the river it is four fect thick, and supplies a good 
coal, formerly quite largely coked for the Lowell furnace. 
CoaL No. 4. 
_ After Coal No. 1—“the Block Coal,’—Coal No. 4, ‘the cannel seam,” 
is the most important coal bed in the county. It is a very variable seam 
so far as regards thickness and character, but is almost always present in 
one or another of its phases at the horizon where it belongs. In some 
localities it is six feet in thickness, all cannel coal of good quality; in 
others it is a remarkably pure bituminous coal two and one half to 
three feet thick, while more generally it is found to have a thickness of 
about three feet, of which six to ten inches of the upper part is cannel. 
This is the somewhat famous Leetonia seam, which is largely worked in 
Beaver and Green townships. About New Albany it attains perhaps its 
best development, being here aremarkably pure coking coal well adapted 
to the manufacture of coke and gas. It was first opened in the county 
in the southwest corner of Canfield, by Messrs. J. and W. Wetmore. It 
is here about five feet thick, nearly all cannel. On the Erving farm, in 
the southwest corner of Canfield it is two and a half feet thick, two feet bit- 
uminous, and six inches of the upper part cannel. Here another coal seam 
