304 | - GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
The sandrock A is but little broken, the layers all retaining their | 
proper positions. The shales B are somewhat distorted, but the lamins 
are nearly horizontal. C is the crushed and pulverized debris of shale, 
showing that the whole mass of the rock A has been pushed hodily from 
its position, grinding up the material beneath it, till it has taken on the 
appearance of glacial drift, but 1s composed wholly of the debris of the 
rocks below A. The mass A is some eight to ten feet thick, and is ex- 
posed for several rods in the bluff, with no indications that it has been 
moved from its native bed, except the character of the material beneath 
it. 
At Cole’s quarry, one and a half miles south-east of Norwalk, the Berea 
is only two hundred and five feet above the Lake, and in its position and 
surroundings affords a remarkable illustration of the superficial disturb- 
ances which prevail over a large part of the county. The rock is in thin 
evenly-bedded layers, dipping 27° south-easterly, the line of strike being 
north 22° east. Directly north some fifteen or twenty rods, and on the oppo- 
site side of a small stream, the black shale is in position at the same level ; 
the strata horizontal and undisturbed. About two rods north, and a little 
east of the quarry, the Bedford shales are exposed, dipping south about 
27°. North from the last, and on the opposite side of the stream, a bluff, 
twenty-five feet high, shows a mixture of Erie and Bedford shales. The 
following sketch will show the relations of these different rocks: 
BLUFFS AT COLE’S QUAERY: ENR 
< j i ith ih 
: i in \ 0 ee Zs im HN 
HN { see a7) wy) My ANN 
= 
Ni be i o li ut 
VF Ny ee i 
Ly if KW Uy iii Y A Wj 
Hi Le PNY Awe 
a VOU uy 
AOE stn IN Y 
ir 
N 
: ‘ 
I ] VS OSs io TT 
TAN \i i 
— ey \ WN ANI HN \\ 
= ou ull UX \Y wT ial N NY 
Sr ea (f= ey ae flv wll INS ill 
Ay = SVEN Ny Oe Sey 
=) — z PW ee = 
=: a ie Wa = 
yy) 
A—Quarry in Berea grit, dip 27°. 
BB—Black shale, horizontal. 
C—Bedford shales, dip 27°. 
D—Bluff of Erie shales much disturbed, dip irregular, with the * turtle-backs”’ of the Bedford 
shales as in the figure below. 
