KNOX COUNTY. 331 
1. Alluvium of valley, bordered by river Drift. 
2. Outcrops of Waverly covered by Waverly debris, and occasional large 
eranite bowlders. 
3. Heavy clay Drift. 
4, At two hundred and twenty-five feet above Mt. Vernon, outcrop of Waverly 
without Drift, continuing up a gentle slope to two hundred and sixty 
feet, where there is ‘a broad undulating plateau of water-washed sandy 
soil, with occasional Drift boulders. 
5, At an elevation of two hundred and seventy-five feet, hills covered with 
Drift, which extends in the proteeted depressions to two hundred and 
thirty-five feet. 
6. At three hundred feet, on the last elevation before descending into the 
valley at Martinsburg, Waverly debris without any appearance of Drift. 
In Jackson township the Wahatomaka Creek—which has the sources 
of most of its tributaries in the recently eroded ravines of the Coal 
Measure rocks on the east—falls a little north of Bladensburg into the 
old channel now occupied by Big Run, and is bordered by irregular 
sandy hills of water-washed material, which are continued northward to 
the junction of Big Run with Owl Creek. i 
At Gambier the bend in Owl Creek or Kokosing River, called the 
horse-shoe, gives an interesting exposure of the Drift, and furnishes im- 
portant facts touching the elevation of the surface deposits and drain- 
age. The following isan outline: 
THE HORSE-SHOE. 
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