360 | GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
and apparently on the same horizon as that found in Ruggles township, 
Ashland county. At Granville, this deposit is, by barometer, 214 feet 
above Newark, or 460 feet above Lake Erie. The corresponding deposit 
in Ruggles township, on the North line of Ashland county, is forty feet 
below New London, or 381 feet above Lake Hrie, so that if these are parts 
of the same deposit, the excess of elevation of that at Granville over that 
at Ruggles is seventy-nine feet. 
Citizens of the county report that coal has been found on this elevation 
in Alligator Hill, a little east of Granville. Several excavations have 
been made into the hill, and one near the top. All expose shaly sand- 
stone, which can clearly be identified as Waverly, and the debris of the 
Waverly is strewn over the surface of the highest part. I think no coal 
can be found in the hills, or in this part of the county. It is true that 
in several places on the western margin of our coal fields coal is found, in 
one sense, below the Upper Waverly. It is found, topographically, below 
it, not geologically, in the valleys, and on the slopes of the Waverly © 
hills, which, in this neighborhood, rose above the old coal-marshes, and 
marked the original western limit of the coal-fields. My observations in 
this county, and northward, along the margin of the coal-field, render it 
very certain that the supposition sometimes made, that the Ohio coals 
were once continued westward over the Devonian and Silurian rocks to 
the Indiana and Illinois field, and that they have since been carried 
away by erosion, is untenable. | 
‘ Along this margin of the coal field the strata tend to thin out to a 
feather edge. In places the third or fourth coal seam is sometimes the 
lowest one present, and is found just above the Waverly. In one place 
a continuous ridge contains at one end six coal seams, all in their proper 
position and substantially horizontal, while at the opposite end of the 
ridge the Waverly, capped with the Conglomerate, rises to the height of 
the upper coal. 
Waverly Conglomerate. — This rock is conspicuously exposed along the 
south bank of the Licking in Madison and Hanover townships, present- 
ing abrupt, precipitous bluffs twenty to forty feet high, with vertical 
fissures like those in the Carboniferous Conglomerate. It contains fewer 
pebbles than in Knox and Richland counties, being more assimilated to 
the Logan sandstone. On Rock Run, north of the old furnace in Mary 
Ann township, where one hundred feet of the Waverly is exposed, the 
Waverly Conglomerate is seen in well-defined, even layers of six to ten 
feet each. It is here a fine-grained, easily quarried, yellow sandrock, 
with very few pebbles, and containing occasionally characteristic Wa- 
verly fossils. Here unlimited quantities of very good building stone 
