428 i GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
Still another source of stock-water is found in some sections of the 
county. The water delivered by draining tile in underground ditches 
is gathered and conducted to troughs in the pasture grounds. Where the 
make of the country admits of this system, a supply in every way advan- 
tageous, is secured. 
Buried vegetation is less frequently met with in the drift of Madison 
county than in the regions further to the southward, but it can scarcely 
be said to be of rare occurrence. Considerable accumulations of vege- 
table matter are needed to explain certain facts met with in a little 
settlement called Kiousville, in Fairfield township. Several attempts to 
obtain wells have been made here without success. The trouble has 
been in every instance that after reaching a certain depth, choke damp 
or carbonic acid escaped in such quantity as to render further work im- 
possible. Several lives have been lost in these attempts and one during 
the summer of 1872. The section traversed is: 
Volos Clay: ie ici Poe iS als Ses a ech IC Lol OS aig ea ee eka ee a oe 10 
Blue clay—abruptly bounded on upper surface........----..------------ 20-31 
Cemented sand and gravel. 
On breaking through the crust of cemented gravel, the gas issues in 
strong volume. No water has ever been found in the gravel. The sec- 
tion is somewhat anomalous, but it seems safe to conclude that some 
such accumulations of buried vegetable matter as have been described in 
previous reports as existing in Montgomery, Warren, and Highland 
counties, are to be found here. 
The remains of a young mastodon were recently found in Range town- 
ship on the farm of Daniel McClimans. The skull and its appurtenances 
were in the best state of preservation. The tusks were six feet long, 
measured on the outside of the curve. A part of the lower jaw had perished, 
but in the remaining, a small molar tooth was found in place. It was 
afterwards detached and found to weigh one pound and two ounces, 
while a larger tooth, but partially developed, lay back of it in the jaw. 
The occurrence of remains of these past glacial mammals is, however, 
comparatively rare in this immediate area. 
The principal points in the Geology of Madison county have now been 
briefly treated, and it is seen that although the story of its bedded rocks 
is very short, there are still geological eee of great interest sug- 
gested by its broad and fertile plains. 
