MIAMI COUNTY. 477 
Morris, of Troy. This gentleman has many specimens of natural his- 
tory in his cabinet, and some relics of a past race of men. I saw the 
tooth of a mastodon in possession of Mr. C.§. Coolidge, of Troy. The 
tooth was found on the farm of Mr. Abram Beadle, about north of Troy. 
PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS. 
The account of these works does not properly belong to the purpose of 
this investigation, but as they depend largely upon the physical charac- 
ter of the country, it will not be out of place to speak of them. Refer- 
ence has already been made in these pages to the admirable system of 
graded and graveled roads, which connect all parts- of the county to- 
gether. The Miamiand Erie canal passes through the county from north 
to south, near the right bank of the Miami River, and affords water-power 
for manufactories at Piqua, Troy, and Tippecanoe, and at some other 
points. At Piqua and at Troy there were in process of construction, at 
the time of my visit (1872), extensive works to make available the large 
water-privileges of the canal and river for manufacturing purposes. 
While the actual success of these enterprises remains to be seen, there 
seems to be no reasonable doubt in regard to it. If success does crown 
these efforts, the result will show itself in greatly increased prosperity in 
all the interests of the county. The urban population must already be, 
as compared with the rural, rather beyond the average of that in the 
agricultural counties. The town population of Miami county is dis- 
tributed among several prosperous cities and towns, instead of being col- 
lected into one larger city. To this report there is lacking the statistics 
of the cities as well as the figures of the comparative elevations of the 
various portions of the county, above the sea-level, or as compared with 
the Miami River, the canal, railroads, and the turnpike roads. I made 
several efforts to obtain these figures, but, have failed. Those who have 
them, and have failed to furnish them, are responsible for the lack of full- 
ness of the report in this respect. 
BEDDED ROCK. 
Magara.—There are three distinct geological formations exposed, in 
Miami eounty, below the Drift, belonging to era known as Silurian. 
The lower Silurian is seen at all exposures below the horizon of the base 
of the cliffs at Charlestown, and Col. Woodward’s, at Tippecanoe. The rock 
composing the cliffs, the next to that just mentioned, is that known, in 
geology, as Clinton, called, often in the county, sandstone. The cliffs at 
Ludlow Creek are in the same formation. Next above the Clinton, and 
the only remaining bedded rock in the county, is that known as Niag- 
