ASHLAND COUNTY. 527 
as is the case with most of the coarse sandstone of this part of the State, 
contains so much magnetic iron-ore, that the compass cannot be used in 
its immediate neighborhood. 
At George Brubecker’s quarry, section 14, Milton township, this rock 
is found one hundred and twenty five feet above its levelin Ashland. It 
is here a coarse sandstone, partly bedded in thin layers, partly massive, 
yellow in color, blotched with iron stain, and, in places, passing intoa 
silicious iron ore. The layers are horizontal, the fossils crinoids and 
fucoids. } 
At Benjamin Croninger’s quarry, section 3, Mifflin township, the 
Waverly is exposed one hundred and twenty-five feet below the stratum 
at Brubecker’s quarry, and on the level of Ashland village. The section 
exposed is—— ( 
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Massive sandstone 
This is a fine-grained sandstone, irregularly colored with iron, and con- 
taining pockets of soft iron ore and clay. In the ravine below, thin beds 
of hard, sandy shale alternate with argillaceous shale. | 
These beds of coarse massive sandstone apparently represent the 
Waverly Conglomerate of Richland and Knox counties, although gen- 
erally containing fewer pebbles, and approaching more nearly the char- 
acteristics of the Cuyahoga shales of Summit county. In the north part 
of Hanover township, the rocks on this horizon are in distinct layers, 
and some of them have an abundance of quartz pebbles. 
Below, about twenty feet of soft argillaceous shales are exposed, con- 
taining nodules of iron ore, and an abundance of the fragments of crinoids 
and shells. 
The crinoid stems are in small pieces, and uniformly flattened. Of the 
shells, very few are perfect, the thick portion about the hinge being gen- 
erally all that is preserved, this retaining the original texture of the 
shell. 
There are many outcrops of this series of rocks in the county not 
referred to above, but those described are typical, and represent the gen- 
eral character of all, except one in a ravine near the north part of Rug- 
gles township. This is peculiar only on account of the organic remains. 
The lower layers of the exposed rock contain very large quantities of 
the Sprrophyton caudagalle (Hall), and a form resembling the S. typum 
(Hall). The former is abundant upon the surfaces of the rock layers, and 
' the latter in the interior of the thickest layers. Some of these layers, 
twelve to twenty inches thick, of rock otherwise homogenous, are filled 
