HOLMES COUNTY. | 545 
localities, where the third, fourth, or fifth coal seam extended northward 
or westward beyond any of those below it. 
The Waverly forms the base of all the hills in Knox and Richland 
townships; is exposed through the whole length of the valley of Black 
Creek ; in Shimplin’s Run, from near the Williams coal, in Monroe town- 
ship, to its mouth; in the valley of Paint Creek, in Monroe and Prairie 
townships; in the bluffs forming both banks of the Killbuck, and on all 
the larger streams emptying into the Killbuck on both sides of jit. 
The abundance of building stone covering the surface derived from the 
Coal Measure sandstone, has prevented any special attention being given 
to the Waverly. Good stone can probably be obtained from it, should 
the demand hereafter warrant special exploration. 
Near the bottom of a long ravine on Thomas Owerns’s land, in Knox 
township, a layer of the Waverly is exposed, which is a true grindstone 
erit, much like the Berea, and which might be explored with the proba- 
bility of disclosing material for valuable grindstones. South of Taylor’s 
coal bank, in the Waverly, about ten feet below the base of the Coal 
Measures, is a deposit of from two to three feet in thickness, of yellow 
hydrated oxide of iron, which, by burning, assumes all shades from yel- 
- low to a deep dark-red, and which will evidently make a good mineral 
paint. It is exposed by stripping, but an opening into the hill would 
give a good roof, so that if on trial it proves as valuable as its external 
appearance indicates, it could be taken out with facility, and in large 
quantities. It deserves to be carefully and thoroughly tested. Below | 
Motes’s bank, in the north-east part of the same towuxship, and in several 
other places, this horizon carries thin bands of bard, compact, blue car- 
bonate of iron, of good quality. A thin band in the Waverly, on Paint 
Creek, in Prairie township, is filled with water-worn quartz pebbles sim- 
ilar to those in the Conglomerate, and in other places patches and bands 
of pebbly Waverly may be seen. The sandstones of the Coal Measures: 
also frequently contain similar pebbles, generally of smaller size and in 
more moderate quantities, ro that care is required to avoid mistaking: 
the true horizon of this pebbly sandstone. 
The Conglomerate appears above the Waverly in Prairie township, on 
both sides of the Killbuck, and on the banks of Paint Creek, reaching a 
maximum thickness of eighteen feet. It caps the hills above Lozier’s: 
quarries, in Washington township, but is here so broken up and covered: 
that its thickness can not be accurately determined. The lithological 
character of this deposit is here quite peculiar. It contains large quan- 
tities of broken, angular fragments of white and yellow chert, with a: 
profusion of fossils identified by Mr. Meek as belonging to the Carbonif-- 
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