548 ) GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
at Parkman and Nelson Ledges, is correct, then we should here look for 
the Conglomerate above Coa! No. 6,and conclude that the Sub-carbonifer- 
ous Conglomerate and the Mahoning sandstone are the same formation. 
They are here substantially in the same topographical horizon, but geo- 
logically one is above Coal No. 6, the other below No. I, and the Hine of 
division between the Coal Measure rocks and-the Waverly. The fact. 
that Waverly and Conglomerate hills bordered the coal-marshes, suffici- 
ently explains the occasional occurrence of Conglomerate im the roof of 
the lowest coal, composed of the re-deposited debri3 of the Conglomerate 
hills. ‘The sandstones above the other coals may also have acquired their . 
quartz-pebbles from the same source. 
Coal No. 1—Above the Waverly, on the Conglomerate, where the lhat- 
ter is found, appears Coal Seam No. I, or the block coal, ordinarily rest- 
ing upon a bed of fire-clay, and sometimes separated from the sandstones 
below by a few feet. of shales. It may be seen in many places west of 
the Killbuck, especially in the territory south of Paint Creek, and north 
of Black Creek, the most’ productive coal region in the county. On the 
east. of the Killbuck it has been mined on Mr. Cameron’s land, in the 
south part of Prairie township, where the Conglomerate is directly below 
it, and the shales, which accompany it, may be identified in the ravine 
north of the Shepter or Holmes County Company’s bank. 
At Smith’s bank, in the northern part of Monroe township, it reaches 
a thickness of four feet, is a true block coal, of fine quality, and reason- 
bly free from sulphur. It inclines to break up into small pieces, is quite 
rusty, and of rather an uninviting appearance. The blacksmiths do not 
like it, as they prefer a softer and more melting coal, and as their opinion, 
where little coal is mined, is potent in determining the reputation of dif- 
ferent coals, that from this opening has not. had the valuation it deserves. 
At Motes’s bank, in the north-west part of Monroe township, 1¢ is three 
feet thick, hard, bright, and of good quality, resting upon a compact fire- 
clay, nine to ten feet thick. Between the coal and the overlying sand- 
stone are two to four inches of highly carbonaceous shale. The sandstone 
ig strong, unbroken, and would readily admit of working-chambers of 
very large size. On the land of Stephen R. Williams and Washington 
Williams, near the center of Monroe township, this coal is a little over 
three feet. thick, resting on the fire-clay, and capped with dark, bitumin- 
ous shale. It is a block coal, of fair quality, but has not been sufficient- 
ly opened to determine, accurately, the value of the property. The best 
exposure is so nearly on the level of a neighboring stream that the water 
would be troublesome unless an opening is found in a lower part of the 
valley. 
