HOLMES COUNTY. 561 
enable me to give the entire dip of the rocks in this county, and to the 
east, as accurately, probably, as it can be determined by this instrument. 
Coal No. 1 (Motes’ bank), in the south-east corner of Knox, is, in this 
.manner, found tw be 207 feet above Millersburg; one and a half miles 
east, at Jas. Williams’ bank, 211 feet, rising a few feet in that distance. 
In a ravine north of Judge Armour’s, west line of Hardy township, and 
about four miles east of last, it is 146 feet, the dip east being about 
eighteen feet to the mile. At John Cary’s bank, near Millersburg, and 
_two miles further east, it 1s seventy-six feet—dip east, forty feet to the 
mile. 
Commencing on the western slope of the hills west of Saltillo, the 
Blue Limestone is 220 feet above Millersburg. At its first outcrop, de- 
scending from Saltillo to the east, it is 229 feet, having risen nine feet. 
On the slope between Dowdy’s Run and Farmersville, it is 218 feet, 
having sunk eleven feet. On the slope east of Farmersville, it is 184 
feet, and further east, in the lowest valley, 137 feet, having sunk eighty. 
one fect. J'rom this place to a point east of Shanesville, it gradually rises 
to 156 feet; amount of rise, fourteen feet. It then steadily dips to the 
east, and at its first disappearance west of the Tuscarawas, is seventeen 
feet above Millersburg, the dip from the point of observation, east of 
Shanesville, being seventy-nine feet. All the observations here, show a 
dip towards these deeper valleys, indicating an intimate connection be- 
tween the present topography and the undulations of the Coal Measure 
rocks. Observations taken at remote points, will eliminate these undu 
lations, and show a dip to the south-east, at a rate which will represent 
the excess of the dip in that direction over the reverse dip, and not the 
rate of dip at any particular place. From facts stated above, it will 
also be evident that the dip of the different strata will not be the same, 
nor always in the same direction. When a wedge-shaped formation oc- 
cuples the interval between two coals or limestones, the dip of the two 
can not be the same. It follows that the identity of two coals, in distant 
parts of the field, can be established with certainty only by laboriously 
tracing the outcrops throughout the whole field. The system of number- 
ing, and the determination of the members of the series which are sub- 
stantially persistent, will afford great aid in. this determination; but 
there are so many local, intrusive coals, and so great variation, both in 
the character and thickness of the material filling the intervals, that a 
section in one place will only approximately represent a section in 
another; so that a careful and painstaking study of all the members of 
the series, is required in every township, to enable the explorer to reach 
accurate results. ° 
36 
