580 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
thick, contains no slate seams and but little sulphur. On Vance’s farm, 
lying next south from Zinkon’s, the same bed is again opened near the 
top of the hill, and has, so far, been worked by stripping. It appears to 
be about three feet thick, of sound cubical coal, very black, the upper 
portion sulphurous. It is overlaid by black shale, two feet nine inches; 
sandstone, one foot three inches; and over this, shaly sandstone, a thick 
bed, to the top of the hill. The lower part of the bed, and the strata 
below, are hidden. In arun near by, at about fifty feet lower elevation, 
is a bed of chert and “black marble,’ some of the latter of compact 
structure, and some of it shelly; and thirty-five to forty feet below this, 
is the outcrop of the gray limestone, and Coai No. 4 (not opened), the 
strata between being mostly slaty sandstones. There are numerous other 
coal openings to the south-east of Vance’s, as Pinkerton’s, March’s, and 
Milier’s, on the west side of Evans Creek, all in No. 6 coal bed; and 
Addie’s, on the east side, supposed to be in the same; and that of W. 
Davis, also on the high lands to the north-west of Orange, and near the 
township line of Oxford. 
Perry.—The strata here, as in Newcastle, are of the lower part of the 
Coal Measures; and, frequently, over the surface of the hills, the gray 
and blue limestones are recognized, accompanied with chert. They are 
seen in the neighborhood of East Union; but no openings of the coal 
beds usually associated with these, are met with ; and it is probable these 
beds are of little or no value in this township. A little to the south-east 
of the center of the township, near the foot of a long hill, and below 
a great bed of massive sandstone, is Crawford’s coal-bank, in bed No. 1. 
The bed is from two and a half to three feet thick, with a black shale 
roof. The coal is of excellent quality, mostly in sound blocks, very free 
from sulphur, and of “open burning” character. Some of it is of slaty 
cannel structure, with mineral charcoal intermixed. This is the only 
really good display of this lowest coal bed met with in the county; and 
it is an encouragement for hoping that a seam that has proved so valu- 
able as this has in other counties, may be found at many other localities 
in this, of good character. Its low position gives it an extensive range ; 
but there is always uncertainty about its continuing far without being 
encroached upon and disturbed by the sandstone bed above it. Its occur- 
rence here indicates that of the Waverly group in the bottoms of the 
runs in this township. : 
