YEAR AROUND FLOWERING OF CHRYSANTHEMUMS 
YEAR AROUND FLOWERING 
By using artificial light or shading with black cloth, 
Chrysanthemums can be flowered at any time of the 
year. 
If you wish to flower MUMS at any time other than 
their normal flowering season, select your flowering date 
or dates and order your stock early to be sure you have 
them to plant at the proper time. Then be prepared to 
light or shade them as your program requires. 
LIGHTING 
Lights are needed to prevent formation of buds before 
required growth 'is attained. A light intensity of not less 
than 10 foot candles is necessary to accomplish this, or 
approximately 114 ‘watts of light per square foot of 
space, including walks. For small installations 60 watt 
lights, under reflectors, spaced 4 feet apart; or 100 watt 
lights, under reflectors, spaced 6 feet apart and about 30 
inches above the tops of the plants will usually prove 
satisfactory. AT NO TIME SHOULD THERE BE 
MORE THAN 8!4 HOURS OF DARKNESS. Con- 
sequently lights should be applied preferably after 10 
P.M., or as near midnight as possible, and lighted for the 
required number of hours as shown in the schedule. 
Temperature'— To flower under lights during the 
winter months it is necessary to keep a minimum tem- 
perature of 60 to 65 degrees, and not less than 60 degrees 
at night, during the period of growth and bud form- 
ation. After color shows in the buds, lower temperature 
gradually to 52-55 degrees to harden off the finished 
flowers. 
_ ADDITIONAL. LIGHTING SCHEDULE 
2 Hours duririg the months of August, April, May. 
3 Hours during the months of September, October, 
March. Pa . 
4 Hours during the months of November and February 
5 Hours during the months of December and January 
Lighting Plants on a small scale. 
When a small block or any part of a house is to be 
grown under lights be sure to drop a black cloth to cut off 
any other plants around them so their growth will not 
be effected by the lights. In other words the plants to 
be grown under lights must be isolated from any other 
plants around them during the hours of lighting. 
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SHADING 
On programs calling for shading with Black Cloth, 
the plants should be covered daily at 5 P.M., and the 
cloth removed at 8 A.M. Continue the shading until 
buds are well developed and showing color. It is essen- 
tial in shading that the benches be completely covered as 
any leaks of light will result in delayed flowering where 
light leaks retard progress of the buds. 
DISTANCE TO PLANT. To produce quality blooms 
for either a pinched or no pinch crop, spacing as shown 
in schedule below is recommended. 
SPACING FOR NO PINCH CROP 
Standards 
Crop Flowering Pompon & Disbuds 
May — Sept. 4x6 62555 
Sept. — Nov. 4x7 6x6 
Nov. — Mar. 4x 6 Nap 4) 
Mar. — May 4x7 (Sian dead 
SPACING FOR SINGLE PINCH CROP 
Standards 
Crop Flowering Pompon & Disbuds 
May — Sept. 8 x 6 8x7 
Sept. — Nov. Sexa7 8 x 8 
Nov. — Mar. 8 x 8 8°x.9 
Mar. — May 8x7 S53 
POT PLANTS FOR OFF SEASON FLOWERING 
Under the Hardy or Garden Section is given the pro- 
cedure for the Hardy Varieties for Easter, Mother’s Day 
and Memorial Day Pot Plants. This we believe will 
cover the needs of most florists in this line. Should you 
desire information and data on Pot plant procedure 
for other seasons we will gladly furnish same on request. 
