QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. {1 Ava., 1901. 
~~ 
Animal Pathology. 
EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF BOVINE MALARIA, 
CONTINUED FROM PART 6, JUNE, 1901. 
(By Dr. J. Licnreres, Chief of Staff, Veterinary College, Alfort, Specialist selected by the 
Pasteur Institute to investigate the infectious diseases of cattle in the Argentina Republic.) 
(Translated by A. J. Boyp.) 
Whatever may be the means employed, the amount of virulent products 
injected, their richness in piriform hematozoa, the result of inoculation is always 
negative in the case of the horse, the ass, the sheep, the pig, the dog, the cat, 
the guinea-pig, the rabbit, the mouse, the rat, the hen, and the pigeon. 
One may accidentally kill these animals, as I have said, in dealing with the 
properties of the blood, but the development of hxematozoa will never be 
roved. ; 
: On the other hand, nothing is more easy than to communicate the disease 
to the adult bullock ; the calf, however, often resists infection. 
The blood and all the infected tissues may be used for inoculation. I 
would, however, draw attention to the fact that the inoculation is negative if 
the hematozoa have begun to form spores after complete withdrawal from their 
protuplasm. 
In this may be found the explanation of the checks which I experienced ; 
the obstacles I met with when, at temperatures of from 30° to 36° C., and after 
a journey of from thirty to thirty-five hours, I brought to my laboratory either 
blood or viscera of diseased animals taken in the infested provinces, and with 
which I subsequently inoculated animals in even enormous doses. 
The boyine malaria may be communicated (inoculated) by different 
methods. or instance, I have successfully produced it in bullocks by intra- 
venous, by sub-cutaneous, peritoneal, pleural, pulmonary, intra-muscular, inter- 
cerebral injections, by scarifications and by punctures.* 1 failed when I tried 
to communicate the disease through the digestive organs. 
Amongst all the methods of inoculation, the most reliable are the intra- 
venous, the intra-muscular, and the sub-cutaneous. In the last case, inflam- 
matory reaction never supervenes at the point of inoculation. 
All animals are not equally liable to contract the disease by experimental — 
means. In immune localities may be found, seldom, it is true, cattle which 
are very little troubled by the action of the parasite, and in which the disease 
assumes the mild form. 
Those suffering from debility, anemic animals, and such as have some 
chronic affection, are very susceptible. 
“Assuming that the substances employed are not always very rich 
in hematozoa, and in order to avoid failures, I would advise, for preference, 
strong doses, 5 to 10 c.c. 
* T illustrate here the first example of experimental bovine malaria, produced by puncture :— 
On the 18th August, 1899, a number of superficial punctures were made on a bull with a fine 
needle, on the inside part of the thighs and of the testicles. As soon as the punctures were made, 
the parts were rubbed with blood rich in piriform hematozoa, taken at the same time from the 
jugular vein of an affected beast. 
The temperature remained normal until the 22nd August. 
On the 28rd, it rose to 39°5 C., and I found a few micro-organisms in the corpuscles, 
On the 24th, the temperature was 40°4 C. Then the Piroplasma bigeminum was easily 
detected in the corpuscles ; the urine was deep red in colour. | 
25th August, temperature 41°2 C. Hzematozoa very numerous; urine, red. 
26th August, temperature 40°5 C. Fewer hematozoa; urine, red. 
27th August, temperature 39°3 C. Few hematozoa; urine, albuminous, of normal colour. 
28th August, temperature 38°7 C. The animal fully convalescent. Thus this beast has had 
the classical experimental malaria. 
_ A control inoculated.in the jugular with 10 c.c. of the same blood was affected 24 hours 
before this-bull. I’may add that a second bull, inoculated at the same time as the first, and also 
by. punctures, died.on the 26th August. 
