1 Ava., 1901.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 259 
The beast lost its appetite to some extent from the 17th to 21st; otherwise there was 
nothing abnormal noticed ; its urine was always clear, containing neither hemoglobin 
nor albumen. On the 17th November it regained perfect health. 
Until now, these atypic cases had not been made public. It is these espe- 
cially which have caused me to hesitate so long before accepting the specific 
nomenclature of the Peroplasma bigeminum. I feared lest it might be asso- 
ciated with some microbe. I am convinced that the “ Rindermalaria”’ observed. 
by Kolle in South Africa, and which he considers distinct from Texas Fever, is 
only the atypic form of the latter. The mild form cannot be confounded with 
this atypic form. In fact, in the former, one may find, at any given moment, 
in the general circulation, endo-globular, piriform hematozoa, and a loss of red 
corpuscles infinitely more important than in the atypic form. 
For example: We have a beast which has shown no external symptom, but 
whose blood contains, for four or five days, scattered piriform hematozoa. 
There are 7,000,000, 6,000,000, and even 5,000,000 of corpuscles instead of 
8,000,000. 
On the other hand, here is a bullock affected with malaria of the atypic 
form, whose temperature for the last three or four days, has risen to 40° and 
41°C. It is depressed, it has no appetite, its respiration and pulsation are 
accelerated, and the red corpuscles of its blood number 7,500,000, 7,700,000, 
or even 8,000,000 without any hematozoa in the jugular blood. These are, 
then, two quite different forms of the disease. 
I might have multiplied the examples of experimental transmission of 
bovine malaria; the cases cited seem to me, however, quite sufficient to demon- 
strate all the difference of the clinical symptoms and the anatomo-pathological 
lesions in the virulent, mild, typical, and atypical forms. 
LT have, as have Smith and Kilborne, retained the names “ virulent” and 
“mild” disease, contrary to the usage of most of the authors, who only recognise 
an acute and a chronic form. 
This latter distinction is inaccurate, since all acute cases which do not end 
in death, are followed by this anemic phase, which ts incorrectly called the 
chronic form., 
In the virulent forms, the hematozoa may, as I have pointed out, appear 
in the blood twenty-four hours after inoculation. Usually the temperature 
rises a little before the first symptoms make their appearance. ‘The corpuscular 
destruction occasionally attains to a degree, and proceeds with a rapidity until 
now unknown. In the cases which terminate in a cure, the corpuscular repara- 
tion is slow. 3 
On the contrary, in the mild sickness, the corpuscular destruction is 
always rather slow; it never causes the number of red corpuscles to number 
less than 3,500,000 per m.m.c., and the reparation is rapid. In thoroughly mild 
cases, the corpuscular loss reaches scarcely to one or two millions. 
I think it well to repeat that if, in my experiments, I have usually used 
strong doses, I have also caused death with less than oue-twentieth of a cubic 
centimetre. 
PROPAGATION OF THE NATURAL DISEASE. 
The Function of the Tick. 
For a long time a parasite—the tick—has been credited with being the 
cause of the propagation of bovine malaria. 
_ It is Smith and Kilborne again who have been the first to definitely 
establish this dle of the tick by very numerous and very precise experiments. 
_ Inthe Argentine Republic, I found, on my arrival, that the cattle-breeders 
were divided into two opposing eamps—some believed in the influence of the 
ticks, others formally denied it. And, in fact, under certain circumstances, 
the function assigned to these insects appeared difficult to admit, and eventually 
the water, the darap pastures, and the swampy prairies were incriminated. 
The disease might also have been produced by agencies other than the Iodes. 
