266 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. [1 Avea., 1901. 
October 25.—Temp. 41° C. Number of red corpuscles, 7,900,000. With the 
most: extreme care I make a search in several preparations of blood without finding a 
single hematozoa. The appetite has quite gone; the animal wastes visibly away; it 
has an air of sadness, of depression. ‘Che urineis of normal colour. : 
October 26.—Temp. 41°5 C. Corpuseles, 7,900,000. The animal eats nothing 
and is emaciated; the urine is of normal colour. 
October 27.—Temp. 41° C. In the morning there are 7,900,000 red corpuscles ; 
in the evening 6,900,000. The urine appears very slightly discoloured with a red 
tinge; it contains 2 grammes of albumen per litre (30°866 grains ‘Troy to 1:76 pint). 
In the blood drawn in the morning I find no hematozoa; in that taken in the evening 
I find a very few Piroplasma The animal is thin, the flanks are hollow, it persis- 
tently lies down. When standing it hanzs its head, the eyes are staring, foam issues 
from the angles of the lips. lt is weak in the hind-quarters. Since the 24th 
instant the breathing and pulsations have become accelerated. 
(on the 28th the animal did towards 5 a.m., so that I was unable to count the 
corpuscles. Still, according to my experience, the blood, which was deep in colour, 
fairly thick, coagulating well and reddening by exposure to the.air. cannot have lost 
a very large number of red corpuscles since the previous evening. The urine contained 
in the bladder was of a bright red colour. 
dAutopsy—lhe lesions of the abdominal cavity are remarkable. In the 
peritoneum are found two or three litres (3°52 or 5°28 pints) of a jaundiced 
serosity. On the surface of the intestine there are numerous petechix, and on the 
duodenum, the kidneys, and a part of the colon, there is a thick reddish-yellow edema. 
The intestinal mucous membrane, from the rennet-bag to the rectum, 1s violet-hued 
in places ; in the caecum there are clots of blood. The excreta are jaundiced, becoming 
brown when exposed tothe air. The kidneys are congested, increased in size, friable. 
The histological examination here shows lesions of parenchymatous nephritis. I have 
already stated that the urine is bright-red. The liver, on section, shows. a yellowish- 
brown hue. .'The gall-bladder contains a fairly large quantity of bile, a little clotted. 
The spleen is about two and a-half times its normal size, 1ts substance (pulp) is black and 
hard. The pancreas is congested; the lymphatic glands, especially the mesenteric, are 
infiltrated, studded with red dots or even with large hemorrhagic areas. 
The lungs are normal. On the heart may be seen fairly numerous red_ spots, 
and on section, the endocardium appears to have blackish, haemorrhagic areas. 
The colour of the muscles and of the fat is normal. a ! 
Microscopie Examination.—The hematozoa in the blood are-few and rounded; 
they are far more abundant in the kidney and in the cardiac muscle where they are 
found under the rounded form. In the liver and spleen it was difficult to detect them. 
The pear-shape was not found, although the autopsy.was made shortly after death. 
This case is of interest for more than one reason. It: shows, at one and 
the same time, the infectious properties of the young ticks, the length of time 
diiring which they will preserve these properties—five months in my experience 
—and, lastly, the possibility of inducing malaria by means of ticks taken from 
animals to all appearance in perfect health. R. Koch, in his experiments, only 
obtained positive results from ticks taken from diseased animals, whilst those 
taken from healthy ones had no effect in inducing malaria. 
Smith and. Kilborne, on the. other hand, succeeded in producing infection 
by means of ticks taken indifferently from healthy or diseased beasts. It is 
their conclusion, then, which I now confirm.. It should be observed, also, that 
in the two cases here given, the bullock which had received the oldest ticks was 
precisely the one which died, whilst the animal which was infested with fresh 
ticks, taken from an animal very virulently diseased, had the mild form of the 
disease. 
Rt. Koch, in his experiments, has enunciated the hypothesis of an attenua- 
tion of the virus in fourteen days under an African sun. This is not the case. 
Many a time I have proved the same fact respecting attenuation as announced 
by Koch, with ticks recently hatched out, and which had not suffered in any 
way. Itis rather a question of quantity, and perhaps of quality, of the ticks 
and of the spores... 
In conclusion, it must further Le remarked that in this experiment the 
animal dies at the precise moment when the ticks cast their skin for the 
second time—that is to say, when they are still very small and most difficult to 
detect. i wir, 
