sats 
COD FISHERY. 
No. 105. Gadus Brandti, Hilgd. (Jap. Tarda*). 
Photograph. 
No. 106. Gadus chaleogrammus, Pall. (Jap. Suketo-Dara). 
Alcoholic specimen. 
The cod is a gregarious bottom fish living at a depth of more 
than 500 feet and limited to those seas which are within the reach 
of cold currents. Cod fishing is mostly carried on in January and 
February when the fish come near the shore for spawning. In 
some places it comes up to a depth of about 100 feet, but in others 
it is never found at a depth of less than 650 feet. It feeds on her- 
rings, lampreys, squids, and lobsters. 
No. 107. Map showing Distribution of Cod. 
In this map the two species are treated indiscriminately ; but the 
Gadus Brandti is the more abundant, the oer species being found 
chiefly near Niigata, 
APPARATUS FOR COD FISHING. 
Both nets and lines are used. Of the latter the long line is more 
commonly used than the hand line. Of the former both pound- 
nets and gill-nets are used, but mostly gill-nets; the use of the 
pound-net being limited to a single locality. 
No. 108. Long Cod Line. Two Baskets. 
This is used near Niigata in fishing for Gadus chalcogrammus, 
It is a line about 225 feet long bearing fifty-five snoods of about 
two feet each. Such a line is put into a shallow basket made of 
bamboo, and is called a “maki.” A boat of six men uses eighty 
such “maki” tied end to end into a single line. At each end and 
in the middle of this line is tied a stone and a barrel buoy, the 
latter by means of a cord; also at the end of each “maki” are 
attached alternately a small stone and a float, so that the whole 
line may not lie flat on the bottom but be kept floating at intervals. 
For bait, sardines and squids, eut into pieces of convenient size, are 
used. 
* Changed into Dara when compounded with a prefix. 
