148 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History [Vol. LITE 
Cab.,.I, 17, Limneziden,’ p. 366, Pl. xiv, fig. 1. Mozambique. Connolly, 1925, 
Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa, XII, 3, p. 189, fig. 23. Lorenzo Marques. 
Connolly states that Thiele has confirmed the generic reference by examination 
of the radula. He mentions also that he possesses another Physa from Lake Naivasha 
Ancylidz 
Basommatophora in which the shell is simply conic, patelliform, or with the 
apex recurved, capuliform or crepiduliform; rarely planorboid. 
The mantle cavity is broadly open below, a well developed gill (pseudobranch) 
hanging from its deepest part. The jaw is composed of numerous narrow plates 
arrangedinasemicircle. Radula with 1-to asymmetrically 4-cuspid centrals, laterals 
with 2, 3 or sometimes more cusps. 
Fresh-water limpets are found abundantly in Africa wherever 
search has been made for small aquatic shells. Though Pulmonata, it is 
doubtful whether they ever breathe free air. Species living on sub- 
merged stones and shells certainly breathe water exclusively. Those 
living on plants near the top have often been observed to crawl to or 
above the surface of the water. Different species are found in these 
ecologically diverse stations. | | 
While a number of species of Ancylide had been described from 
Africa, the first comprehensive work on the group was that of Bryant 
Walker, who has published! several papers on the species of south and 
of northern Africa, and who has recently issued an illustrated monograph 
of the South African species.2. Dr. Bryant Walker has kindly examined 
several of the species described herein. Our definitions of subfamilies 
and in part of genera were kindly supplied by him. 
The European genus Pseudancylus occurs in northern Africa, south 
to Abyssinia. The nearly world-wide Ferrissia and Gundlachia are found 
from the north to Cape Colony, while Burnupia is an exclusively African 
genus, ranging from the Cape to the equatorial region. It appears to 
be related to South American forms.’ 
The generic nomenclature of Ancylide has been somewhat fully 
discussed by Walker, but so far as we know, genotypes have not been 
designated for two names introduced by Westerlund: 
‘Helicon Montf. 1810, ”? WestmerLunD, 1885, ‘Fauna Palaéarct. Binnenconch.,’ 
V, p. 88, as a synonym of Ancylus. : 
“Calyira Klein, 1763,’’ WEsTERLUND, 1885, loc. cit., as a synonym of Ancylus.”’ 
‘‘ Helicon” may be supposed to be an error for Helcion Denys de 
Montfort, a genus of Patellide. If, however, it is considered a new name 
11914, The Nautilus, XXVII, pp. 113-117 and 124-131. 
' 2B, Walker. 1924. ‘The Ancyclide of South Africa.’ Privately printed. 82 pp., 2 Pls. Although - 
the cover bears the date 1923, the paper was not distributed until the early part of 1924. 
’Pilsbry, 1920, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, (1920), p. 8. 
