1 Juny, 1902.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 33 
is that the cattle that have been housed during the cold weather have doubly 
repaid the care bestowed on them. Some of you may consider that housing is 
too expensive, but I do not think it is so. You can construct a byre that will 
cost very little, and | am confident that the extra return you will get all 
through the winter will more than compensate you for the initial outlay. More 
than that: Cattle which have been properly housed during the winter will 
respond, by an increased flow of milk, far more quickly on the first approach of 
summer than they otherwise would. As for the suggested legislation, I think 
the less Acts of Parliament the industry has to carry, the better for it. The 
main issue of success lies entirely in the hands of the dairymen and butter 
manufacturers. 
Mr. J. E. Dean (Maryborough): We must not forget that the future of 
the dairying industry in Queensland depends largely upon an export trade in 
butter. The Danes look to their breeds of cattle for securing the best flavour 
in their butter, and I think we shall have to look to the Jersey to give a flavour 
to our butter. By introducing and using the Jersey, I think this effect will be 
achieved. Our future depends upon the market of the future, and that market 
depends upon our product now. If you send to your factory cream that has 
been tainted, the resultant butter will be affected, and the price that it will 
fetch will be low when it has to compete against other butters in the London 
market. The tests made at factories have been referred to, and this is always 
a source of trouble between suppliers and manufacturers. I find from practical 
results that butter loses from 7 to 10 per cent. on account of the second 
working. 
Mr. Tos. Hamtyn (Crow’s Nest): In hilly country a big type of cattle 
is not desirable for dairying purposes, especially if it is country where food is 
not too plentiful. For a dairyman who depends wholly upon his dairy, I do not 
think there is any cow which will beat the Jersey. If you want to mix things 
a bit and raise beef as well, you will have to cross the Jersey with the Shorthorn. 
T have tried all kinds of food, and amongst them Cape barley. Cape barley is 
not too good as a milk-producer, and malting barley isan improvement. Malting 
barley, however, does not yield a large enough crop of fodder. Skinless barley 
answers very well, and cattle like it. Cornstalks, again, make a good fodder, 
but the best food I have found is lucerne. Mr. McShane condemned the use 
of home separators, but these appliances have been a boon to the farmers of the 
Darling Downs. When we took our milk to the creameries we had to cart it 
5 or 6 miles, and a man’s time was too much taken up altogether. Taking milk 
to a creamery involves too much waste of time. 
Mr. Joun Retp (Brisbane) : I have been listening with very great interest 
to the discussion, as I also listened with pleasure to Mr. McShane’s paper. 
Although, Mr. Chairman, you have pointed out that our time is rather limited, 
I think the rather lengthy discussion that has taken place is justified, because I 
think this is one of the most important questions on your syllabus. Not only 
because the dairying industry has rendered important service to the farmers of 
Queensland, but because, in that industry, is incorporated the policy of your 
Government with respect to land settlement. If you separate the dairy ~ 
interests from the policy of land settlement which the Government has so fully 
pushed forward during the past few years, your efforts in that latter direction 
will fail considerably. With the large number of farmers going upon our lands, 
it is very apparent that the demands for the rougher classes of produce will be 
easily filled, and the farmers will then have to turn to such problems as 
the disposal of the produce of their farms and in the most convenient form. 
It will be useless for our farmers-to grow vast quantities of lucerne hay unless 
they can find a market for it. In an ordinary good season, with a large increase 
in the number of farmers in our State, it is easy to see that, without some 
kindred industry to assimilate it, lucerne hay would hardly be marketable. The 
problem of the disposal of our produce is, therefore, before us, and we can 
accordingly discuss no more fitting question than this of dairying. The very 
land settlement is associated with the industry, and with it our railway system, 
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